Pakistan’s top civilian and military leaders seek political dialogue, condemn violent protests

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Updated 17 May 2023
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Pakistan’s top civilian and military leaders seek political dialogue, condemn violent protests

  • Protests after ex-PM Imran Khan’s arrest last week turned violent and led to attacks on military installations in Pakistan
  • Analysts say suspects should be tried under the civilian laws and provided a due process to defend themselves in courts

ISLAMABAD: Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Tuesday described violent protests that followed ex-premier Imran Khan’s arrest on corruption charges last week as acts of “terrorism” after a meeting of top civilian and military leadership of the country that called for constructive dialogue among political stakeholders to remove differences.

Khan was dragged out of a court in Islamabad on May 9 by a contingent of paramilitary rangers on the instructions of Pakistan’s anti-graft body in a dramatic escalation of political tensions that led to attacks on military installations in the Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces.

Khan’s party has denied the allegation that its workers were involved in ransacking and vandalizing government buildings and Lahore corps commander’s residence, known as Jinnah House.

On Tuesday, PM Sharif presided over a meeting of the country’s National Security Committee, comprising top civilian and military officials mandated to oversee security matters, which promised a “zero-tolerance” policy against violence in the country.

“Those who planned, executed and abetted the vandalism on May 9 certainly committed an act of terrorism,” Sharif said in televised comments after the NSC meeting in Islamabad.

“They should be brought to justice at any cost, and even if the prime minister says to release someone, refuse to comply with the prime minister’s order.”

In a statement that was released after the NSC meeting, the participants also called for constructive dialogue among various political stakeholders in the country while encouraging them to iron out their difference through negotiations.

“The meeting emphasized national unity in an increasingly complex geo-strategic environment,” said the statement. “The forum stressed the need to resolve political differences through dialogue in accordance with democratic values instead of confrontation.”

However, the prime minister recounted violent attacks on military installations after the meeting, saying the rioters took to the army’s General Headquarters in Rawalpindi, an air force base in Mianwali, and the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) spy agency office in Faisalabad.

“Whatever happened on May 9 in this country, it will be remembered as the darkest chapter in this country’s history,” Sharif said, adding that Pakistan’s worst enemies could never do what these protesters did on May 9.

It was a public demand to punish all those involved in vandalism, he said.

“Law will take its course,” the prime minister said. “There is no question of any mistreatment to anybody, but if anybody has committed a crime, they won’t be spared.”

Arab News spoke to defense and political experts on the matter, who said authorities should arrest all those involved in vandalism, but provide them with all legal support to defend themselves in courts.

“The most important thing at the moment is to see if all those arrested on vandalism charges are provided with a fair trial and due process of law,” Zebunnisa Burki, a political analyst, told Arab News.

“Nobody can celebrate vandalism, but it is important that the authorities should apply civilian laws to try the accused in courts to keep the legal process fair and transparent.”

Lt General (retired) Ejaz Awan, a defense analyst, supported the government’s move to bring the May 9 rioters to justice, saying the “desecration” of military installations was a gruesome act.

“All those involved in the crime should be prosecuted as per the existing laws to ensure transparency of the process,” he told Arab News, adding the government had yet to share with the public as to when the trial of arrested accused would be initiated and under which laws.

On Monday, the army also said “perpetrators, spoilers and violators” involved in last week’s violence would be tried under relevant Pakistani laws, including the Pakistan Army Act and Official Secret Act. Both laws allow for the death sentence and life imprisonment, with trials held by secretive military courts.

In response, Khan’s party said on Tuesday there was no room in a democracy to combine the roles of “judge, jury and executioner” into one individual or institution.

Since his ouster, Khan has blamed the army and its then chief, General Qamar Javed Bajwa, of plotting with his political rivals, who now form the incumbent coalition government, to remove him. Khan came to power in a 2018 general election that is widely believed to have been rigged in his favor by the military — which both deny — but has since had a falling out with the army.

He has said in recent interviews that his party’s relations with the army had not improved under the new army chief, General Asim Munir.


Kabul, Islamabad to appoint envoys in apparent thaw in relations

Updated 31 May 2025
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Kabul, Islamabad to appoint envoys in apparent thaw in relations

  • Relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan have long been restrained over a surge in militancy in Pakistan’s border regions
  • The decision to appoint envoys comes days after trilateral talks in China where both countries agreed to upgrade relations

ISLAMABAD: Afghanistan’s foreign ministry said on Saturday it would appoint an ambassador to Pakistan after Islamabad announced its decision to upgrade diplomatic relations by appointing an envoy to Kabul, in an apparent warming of ties between the two neighbors.

The development comes amid prolonged tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan, with Islamabad repeatedly accusing the Afghan Taliban administration of “facilitating” cross-border attacks by militant groups such as Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and the Baloch Liberation Army (BLA).

Kabul has denied the allegations and insisted that Pakistan’s security challenges are its internal issue. Relations further deteriorated after Islamabad launched in late 2023 a nationwide deportation drive targeting undocumented foreigners, the majority of whom are Afghan nationals. Pakistani authorities maintained that some of them were linked to a spate of militant attacks in the country.

Both countries have sought to improve their strained relations in recent months and Pakistan’s Deputy Prime Minister Ishaq Dar in April led a delegation to Kabul and later participated in trilateral talks with Chinese and Afghan foreign ministers in Beijing earlier this month.

“This elevation in diplomatic representation between Afghanistan & Pakistan paves the way for enhanced bilateral cooperation in multiple domains,” the Afghan foreign ministry said in a statement.

It came hours after Dar said on X that Pakistan-Afghanistan relations were on a positive trajectory after his “very productive visit” to Kabul last month.

“I am confident this step would further contribute toward enhanced engagement, deepen Pak-Afghan cooperation in economic, security, CT [counterterrorism] & trade areas and promote further exchanges between two fraternal countries,” he said, referring to Pakistan’s appointment of an ambassador to Kabul.

Both Pakistan and Afghanistan have yet to announce names of their respective envoys.

Earlier this month, Pakistan and Afghanistan agreed to the expansion of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), to Afghanistan after the recent trilateral meeting in Beijing, where Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said both Pakistan and Afghanistan had “clearly expressed” a willingness to elevate their diplomatic ties.

The BRI — China’s multi-trillion-dollar infrastructure plan — aims to build land and maritime trade routes linking Asia with Africa and Europe. CPEC, considered the flagship of the initiative, includes over $60 billion in Chinese investments in Pakistan’s energy, transport, and industrial sectors.


Pakistan weekly inflation down by 0.81% as prices of essential items remain largely stable

Updated 31 May 2025
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Pakistan weekly inflation down by 0.81% as prices of essential items remain largely stable

  • Annual inflation rate fell to 0.3% in April, well below the finance ministry’s estimate of 1.5-2%
  • The Pakistan Stock Exchange also recorded a 7.5% gain in May on a month-on-month basis

ISLAMABAD: Short-term inflation, measured by the Sensitive Price Index (SPI), lowered by 0.81% in Pakistan, the country’s statistics bureau said this week, as prices of most essential items remained stable.

The SPI, which comprises 51 essential items collected from 50 markets in 17 cities, is computed on a weekly basis to assess the price movement of essential commodities at a shorter interval of time to review the price situation in the country.

While the SPI for the week ending on May 29 decreased 0.81% on a week-on-week basis, it recorded an increase of 0.41% when compared to the same week last year, according to the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS).

“During the week, out of 51 items, prices of 14 (27.45%) items increased, 10 (19.61%) items decreased and 27 (52.94%) items remained stable,” the PBS said.

A decrease was observed in the prices of electricity charges for Q1 (10.10%), chicken (8.51%), LPG (2.67%), sugar (0.25%), powdered milk (0.20%), vegetable ghee 2.5Kg (0.17%), wheat flour (0.09%), rice (0.07%), garlic (0.05%) and pulse moong (0.01%).

The items whose prices increased during the week included tomatoes (4.54%), potatoes (2.94%), eggs (2.19%), onions (2.17%), gur (0.77%), bananas (0.73%), mustard oil (0.34%), pulse mash (0.22%), pulse gram (0.17%), pulse masoor (0.14%) and basmati rice (0.12%).

Pakistan’s annual inflation rate fell to 0.3% in April, well below the Ministry of Finance estimate of 1.5% to 2%. The central bank forecasts average inflation to be in the range of 5.5% to 7.5% for the fiscal year ending June.

Also, the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) recorded a 7.5% gain in May on a month-on-month basis, according to the Karachi-based Topline Securities.

“This gain can be attributed to cut in policy rate by 100bps by SBP,” it said in its monthly review, citing improvement in inflation outlook and approval of first review of Pakistan’s $7 billion International Monetary Fund (IMF) program as well as the approval of another $1.4 billion under the IMF’s Resilience and Sustainability Facility.

“Average daily traded volume and value during the month stood at 566 million shares and PKR28 billion.”


Pakistan’s finance chief stresses apolitical funding approach in meeting with World Bank officials

Updated 31 May 2025
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Pakistan’s finance chief stresses apolitical funding approach in meeting with World Bank officials

  • Aurangzeb’s statement comes after India lobbied the IMF to halt a $1 billion disbursement in recent weeks
  • Minister meets the incoming World Bank country director, commends her predecessor in Islamabad

KARACHI: Pakistan’s Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb on Friday called for a merit-based approach to global development financing, urging international lenders to rise above political considerations during a meeting with incoming and outgoing World Bank country directors in Islamabad.

The meeting followed weeks of diplomatic friction between nuclear-armed rivals India and Pakistan, which escalated into a four-day military standoff involving fighter jets, missiles, drones and artillery fire.

Amid the tensions, Indian authorities lobbied the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to halt the disbursement of a $1 billion tranche to Pakistan, saying the funds could finance Islamabad’s military activities.

IMF officials later dismissed the concerns, emphasizing the disbursement mechanisms ensured transparency and that IMF support was intended to stabilize developing economies’ balance of payments, with the funds directed to central banks rather than governments.

“The Minister ... highlighted the recent successful completion of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) review and the subsequent $1 billion disbursement under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF), along with additional resources made available through the Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF),” said a statement circulated by the finance ministry after the meeting.

“He noted that development finance must be guided by merit and objective assessment, rising above political considerations to ensure sustainable progress,” it added.

Aurangzeb also praised the World Bank’s longstanding support for Pakistan’s economy, especially in times of fiscal stress, and reiterated Islamabad’s commitment to deepening collaboration with the institution.

He extended a warm welcome to Bolormaa Amgaabazar, the new World Bank Country Director for Pakistan, while commending her predecessor, Najy Benhassine, for his contributions during his tenure.

A key point of discussion was the World Bank’s 10-year Country Partnership Framework (CPF), a strategic agreement designed to guide development cooperation through targeted investments in Pakistan’s critical sectors.

The CPF, finalized during Benhassine’s tenure, will now be overseen by Amgaabazar and aims to unlock $20 billion for the country.

Aurangzeb highlighted the importance of effective implementation of the framework to fully leverage the Bank’s institutional, technical and financial support.

The meeting reaffirmed mutual commitment to strengthening Pakistan’s economic resilience and advancing inclusive development through strategic partnerships, the finance ministry said.


‘Everything came crashing down’: US visa freeze shatters hopes of young Pakistani students

Updated 31 May 2025
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‘Everything came crashing down’: US visa freeze shatters hopes of young Pakistani students

  • Washington has temporarily suspended student and exchange visa appointments to expand social media vetting
  • Pakistani students say the move threatens their academic year and could cause them significant financial losses

ISLAMABAD: For many in Pakistan, the US visa freeze has felt like a devastating setback after years of academic effort and ambition, affected applicants and an education consultant said on Friday.

The suspension, ordered by US Secretary of State Marco Rubio earlier this week, halts new student and exchange visa appointments worldwide and is part of a broader policy under President Donald Trump’s administration to intensify screening of foreign nationals, including expanded social media vetting.

US embassies have been instructed to pause interviews while new guidelines are being finalized, as officials in Washington say the goal is to identify potential security risks amid a rise in campus activism following Israel’s war in Gaza, which has sharply polarized student opinion.

Trump’s critics argue, however, the measures are discriminatory and risk undermining access to American higher education for bright students from developing countries — long considered a cornerstone of the US advantage in global research and innovation.

“I had always dreamed of pursuing higher education in the United States and after months of preparation, hard work and dedication, I finally got accepted into New York University,” Mohammad Ibrahim, a student from Lahore, told Arab News over the phone.

“But just as I was preparing for the next big chapter of my life, everything came crashing down,” he continued, adding that due to the sudden visa ban imposed by the Trump administration, his plans have been put on hold.

Ibrahim said despite getting admission after meeting all the university requirements, he was now stuck in an uncertain situation, with nothing to do but wait, hope and keep trying to move forward, even when everything had suddenly gone beyond his control.

“It’s disappointing,” he said. “An entire year of my life feels like being wasted.”

Inayah Murtaza, an exchange program candidate from the same city, said the new US policy had led to delays in visa interviews and a ban on the exchange student program, leaving her and many others devastated.

“American higher education system provides excellent opportunities. However, the recent policies by the Trump administration are extremely devastating,” she said, adding the ban had hurt her both emotionally and financially.

For Malik Zalaid Hassan, from Sheikhupura, who had secured admission to study artificial intelligence at the University of California, the visa suspension was a huge setback.

“I won’t get my money back… I just lost a ton of money,” he told Arab News, emphasizing he had already paid thousands of dollars in tuition and housing fees.

“I really hope America does something about this and I really hope it changes because this has an impact on a lot of people,” he continued.

Mohammad Ayyan Akhtar, a counselor at UniGrad, an education consultancy firm in Lahore, said the visa appointments ban had placed many students in a heart-wrenching situation.

“It includes their financial losses, and on top of everything, their academic loss is a big concern,” he said.

“The Trump administration should lift [the ban] as early as possible to save the loss of hundreds of Pakistani students [of their] academic year,” he added.


Trump says Pakistani representatives coming to US next week for trade talks

Updated 31 May 2025
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Trump says Pakistani representatives coming to US next week for trade talks

  • Pakistan faces a potential 29% tariff on its exports to the United States due to a $3 billion trade surplus with world’s biggest economy
  • Trump said he would have no interest in making a deal with the South Asian country or its neighbor, India, if they were to engage in war

ISLAMABAD: US President Donald Trump said on Friday representatives from Pakistan are coming to the United States next week for trade talks, following a conversation between Pakistani Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb and US Trade Representative Ambassador Jamieson Greer to launch the process.

The talks come after US President Donald Trump imposed steep tariffs on a number of countries earlier this year, a move widely viewed as a setback for the global economy still recovering from the coronavirus pandemic.

Pakistan faces a potential 29% tariff, currently under a 90-day pause announced in April, on its exports to the United States due to a $3 billion trade surplus with the world’s biggest economy.

“As you know, we’re very close making a deal with India,” Trump told reporters at Joint Base Andrews after departing Air Force One.

The US is Pakistan’s largest export destination and the new duties threatened to undermine Islamabad’s fragile economic recovery.

Finance Minister Aurangzeb described the beginning of trade talks with the US as both a challenge and an opportunity to reset trade ties, according to his ministry.

“Pakistan’s formal negotiations on US reciprocal tariffs kick-started between Mr. Muhammad Aurangzeb, Pakistan’s Finance Minister, and Ambassador Jamieson Greer, United States Trade Representative through a telephonic/conference call on 30th May, 2025,” it said.

“The two sides exchanged their viewpoint through a constructive engagement with the understanding that technical level detailed discussions would follow in the coming few weeks.”

According to Pakistan’s central bank, the country exported $5.44 billion worth of goods to the US in 2024. From July to February of the current fiscal year, exports to the US reached $4 billion, up 10 percent from the same period last year.

Nearly 90 percent of those exports are textiles, which analysts say will be hardest hit.

Experts have also warned previously the tariffs could reduce Pakistan’s competitiveness, especially if regional exporters such as China, Bangladesh and Vietnam redirect more goods to Europe, intensifying competition in alternative markets.

With additional input from Reuters