Rare UN session to consider collective action on Russia-Ukraine crisis

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Russia's Ambassador to the UN Vassily Nebenzia sits as the UN Security Council assembles to vote for a rare emergency special session. (Reuters)
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The United Nations Security Council assembles on Feb. 27, 2022, to vote for a rare emergency special session of the 193-member UN General Assembly on Russia's invasion of Ukraine. (REUTERS)
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Updated 01 March 2022
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Rare UN session to consider collective action on Russia-Ukraine crisis

  • Possible action could include the use of armed force, but this has never happened in the history of the UN
  • Russia voted against the resolution, but under UN regulations it did not have veto power to derail the referral of the war to the General Assembly

NEW YORK: The UN Security Council on Sunday voted on a draft resolution deciding to convene an emergency special session of the General Assembly to recommend collective action on the situation in Ukraine, two days after a similar resolution, sponsored by 81 nations, was shot down at the council on Friday by the Russian veto.

Possible action could include the use of armed force, but this has never happened in the history of the UN.

This is the first time in 40 years that a decision to hold an emergency special session of the 193-member GA has been made, and only the 11th time since the UN’s inception.

The draft resolution was tabled by the US and Albania, the two co-penholders on Ukraine. It is a so-called “Uniting for Peace” resolution, which allows a deadlocked council to refer the situation in question to the General Assembly.




Albania's Ambassador Ferit Hoxha addresses the UN Security Council meeting in New York City on Feb. 27, 2022. (Andrea Renault/AFP)

The vote would require a two-thirds majority of UN member states and the affirmative vote of only nine security council members. Such GA resolutions have then historically been adopted despite a negative vote by a permanent member.

The resolution argues that the lack of unanimity among the Security Council’s permanent members on the Ukraine crisis has prevented the UN’s most important body from exercising its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security.

A total of 11 council members voted in favor, with China, UAE and India abstaining. Russia vetoed it.

Sunday’s vote took place amid a large-scale attack by Russian military forces on major cities in Ukraine, including the capital Kyiv, with hundreds of deaths and injuries reported.

This morning there were reports that Russia and Ukraine had agreed to hold direct talks on the border of Belarus.

The UAE’s deputy permanent representative to the UN, Mohamed Abushahab, welcomed such an announcement, and reiterated his call for a cessation of hostilities and for dialogue as the only way forward.

Abushahab stressed that the protection of civilians in Ukraine should remain a top priority.

“Civilians trying to reach safety must be able to leave unhindered,” he said, adding that it was of paramount importance for aid to reach those in need.

In her explanation of the vote, US Ambassador to the UN Linda Thomas-Greenfield said that council members who support the resolution recognize that this is “no ordinary moment,” one that calls for “extraordinary actions to meet this threat to our international system and do everything we can to help Ukraine and its people.”




US Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield (R) listens as Britain's Ambassador Barbara Woodward addresses the UN Security Council meeting in New York City on Feb. 27, 2022. (Andrea Renault/AFP) 

Thomas-Greenfield told fellow ambassadors: “Those of us here, safely sitting in this hallowed hall, have a moral responsibility to respond to Russia’s desecration of human life.”

She said that the response includes both humanitarian aid for millions of Ukrainians in need and military support, and “holding the sole aggressor, Russia, accountable for its actions.” She vowed to “not let atrocities slide.”

Thomas-Greenfield called on council members to be inspired by Ukrainians’ courage and to look for Ukrainian people’s resilience “in the face of Russian guns and soldiers and bombs and rockets.”

She also welcomed the Ukrainians’ “courage to sit down and talk (and) their continued willingness to participate in peace talks.”

Russia’s Ambassador to the United Nations Vassily Nebenzia told the council that Western attempts to disregard his country’s security concerns regarding NATO’s expansion are against the UN Charter.

He said the current crisis broke out not as a result of the launch of military operations in Ukraine but eight years ago when “you turned a blind eye to Ukrainian nationalists’” activities in the Eastern Donbas region.

“Russia does not shell civilians or civilian infrastructure. The threat to civilians is posed by Ukrainian nationalists,” Nebenzia added, accusing so-called “nationalists” of following the same tactics as Daesh, using civilians as human shields, and releasing criminals from jail and providing them with weapons.

Ukraine’s UN Ambassador Sergiy Kyslytsya said it was extremely alarming that Russian President Vladimir Putin “has resorted today to open nuclear blackmail,” and urged the world to take Putin’s threat “very seriously.”




Ukraine's Ambassador Sergiy Kyslytsya addresses the UN Security Council meeting on Feb. 27, 2022. (Andrea Renault/AFP)

Kyslytsya said that Russians so far had lost 4,300 personnel with more than 200 taken as prisoners of war.

He added his government has created a hotline — “Come Back Alive from Ukraine” — for relatives of Russian soldiers who are not aware of their whereabouts. He accused Russia of not admitting these losses.

India’s Permanent Representative T. S. Tirumurti reiterated his call for an immediate cessation of violence. “There is no other choice but to return to dialogue,” he said as he called for respecting territorial integrity of “all states.”

China’s UN Ambassador Zhang Jun said that the top priority now is for “all parties to exercise restraint to prevent the situation from getting worse.”




China's Ambassador Zhang Jun speaks as the UN Security Council meeting in New York on Feb. 27, 2022. (REUTERS/David 'Dee' Delgado)

Zhang welcomed the announcement of possible talks between Russia and Ukraine on the Belarus border, and also expressed China’s support for “equal-footed dialogue between the EU and Russia.”

Monday's session is scheduled to start at 10 a.m. in New York (1500 GMT) and is expected to last at least all day.

On Monday, the Security Council is scheduled to hold at 5 p.m. an emergency meeting on the humanitarian situation in Ukraine.

It was requested by French President Emmanuel Macron and will feature officials from the UN's humanitarian affairs and refugee agencies, according to diplomats.


Fake videos of Modi aides trigger political showdown in India election

Updated 8 sec ago
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Fake videos of Modi aides trigger political showdown in India election

  • Indian police arrest nine people for circulating fake video of Indian Home Minister Amit Shah 
  • With more than 800 million Internet users, tackling misinformation in India is a huge challenge

BENGALURU/LUCKNOW: Manipulated videos are taking center stage as campaigning heats up in India’s election, with fake clips involving two top aides of Prime Minister Narendra Modi triggering police investigations and the arrest of some workers of his rival Congress party.

In what has been dubbed as India’s first AI election, Modi said last week fake voices were being used to purportedly show leaders making “statements that we have never even thought of,” calling it a conspiracy “to create tension in society.”

Indian police — already investigating the spread of fake videos showing Bollywood actors criticizing Modi — are now investigating a doctored online clip that showed federal home minister Amit Shah saying the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party will stop certain social guarantees for minorities, a subject sensitive for millions of voters.

Shah retorted on X, posting his “original” and the edited “fake” speech and alleging — without providing any evidence — that the main opposition Congress was behind the video it created to mislead the public. The minister said “directions have been issued to the police to address this issue.”

Indian police arrested at least nine people, including six members of Congress’ social media teams, in the states of Assam, Gujarat, Telangana and New Delhi last week for circulating the fake video, according to police statements.

Five of the Congress workers were released on bail, but the most high-profile arrest made by the cybercrime unit of New Delhi police came on Friday, when they detained a Congress national social media coordinator, Arun Reddy, for sharing the video. New Delhi is one region where Shah’s ministry directly controls police. Reddy has been sent into three-day custody.

The arrest has sparked protests from Congress workers with many posting on X using the #ReleaseArunReddy tag. Congress lawmaker Manickam Tagore said the arrest was an example of “authoritarian misuse of power by the regime.”

Congress’ head of social media, Supriya Shrinate, did not respond to messages and an email seeking comment.

MISINFORMATION

India’s election from April 19 to June 1 will be the world’s largest democratic event. With nearly a billion voters and more than 800 million Internet users, tackling the spread of misinformation is a high stakes job. It involves round-the-clock monitoring by police and election officials who often issue take down orders to Facebook and X as investigations start.

In India’s most populous state of Uttar Pradesh, more than 500 people keep tabs on online content, flagging controversial posts and coordinating with social media companies for their removal when needed, police chief Prashant Kumar told Reuters on Saturday.

Another fake video that sparked a storm last week showed Yogi Adityanath, the state’s chief minister, criticizing Modi for not doing enough for families of those who died in a 2019 militant attack. Though fact checkers said the video was created using different parts of an original clip, state police called it an “AI generated, deepfake.”

Using Internet address tracking, state police arrested a man named Shyam Gupta on May 2 who had shared the fake video post on X a day earlier, receiving over 3,000 views and 11 likes.

The police have accused Gupta of forgery and promoting enmity under Indian law provisions that can carry a jail term of up to seven years if convicted. Reuters could not reach him as he is currently serving a 14-day custody period.

“This person is not a tech guy. Had he been tech savvy, arresting him quickly would not have been possible,” said police officer Kumar.


Australian police shoot boy dead after stabbing with ‘hallmarks’ of terrorism

Updated 05 May 2024
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Australian police shoot boy dead after stabbing with ‘hallmarks’ of terrorism

SYDNEY,: Australian police said on Sunday they had shot dead a boy after he stabbed a man in Western Australia’s capital Perth, in an attack authorities said indicated terrorism.

There were signs the 16-year-old, armed with a kitchen knife, had been radicalized online, state authorities said, adding they received calls from concerned members of the local Muslim community before the attack, which occurred late on Saturday night.
The attack, in the suburb of Willetton, had “hallmarks” of terrorism but was yet to be declared a terrorist act, police said.
“At this stage it appears that he acted solely and alone,” Western Australia Premier Roger Cook told a televised press conference in the state capital Perth, regarding the attacker.
The victim, stabbed in the back, was stable in hospital, authorities said.
Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said he had been briefed on the incident by police and intelligence agencies, which advised there was no ongoing threat.
“We are a peace-loving nation and there is no place for violent extremism in Australia,” Albanese said on social media platform X.
The incident comes after New South Wales police last month charged several boys with terrorism-related offenses in investigations following the stabbing of an Assyrian Christian bishop while he was giving a live-streamed sermon in Sydney, on April 15.
The attack on the bishop came only days after a stabbing spree killed six in the Sydney beachside suburb of Bondi.
Gun and knife crime is rare in Australia, which consistently ranks among the safest countries in the world, according to the federal government. (Reporting by Sam McKeith in Sydney; Editing by Christian Schmollinger and William Mallard)


North Korea’s UN ambassador says new sanctions monitoring groups will fail

Updated 05 May 2024
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North Korea’s UN ambassador says new sanctions monitoring groups will fail

  • Earlier this year, Russia vetoed the annual renewal of a panel of experts amid US-led accusations that North Korea has transferred weapons to Russia for use in its war in Ukraine

SEOUL: Efforts led by the US and other Western countries to form new groups to monitor sanctions on North Korea will fail, the country’s UN envoy said on Sunday, according to state media KCNA.
Ambassador Kim Song made the comment in response to a joint statement the US and its allies issued this week calling to continue the work of a UN panel of experts monitoring longstanding sanctions against Pyongyang for its nuclear weapons and missile programs.
Earlier this year, Russia vetoed the annual renewal of the panel amid US-led accusations that North Korea has transferred weapons to Russia for use in its war in Ukraine.
“The hostile forces may set up the second and third expert panels in the future but they are all bound to meet self-destruction with the passage of time,” KCNA quotes Kim as saying in a statement.
Last month, US Ambassador to the United Nations Linda Thomas-Greenfield visited the Demilitarized Zone, a heavily fortified border between the two Koreas, which remain technically at war and urged Russia and China to stop rewarding North Korea for its bad behavior.
Her trip came after Russia rejected the annual renewal of the multinational panel of experts that has over the past 15 years monitored the implementation of UN sanctions aimed at curbing North Korea’s nuclear and missile programs.

 

 


China publicizes for the first time what it claims is a 2016 agreement with Philippines

Updated 05 May 2024
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China publicizes for the first time what it claims is a 2016 agreement with Philippines

  • The move threatens to further raise tensions in the disputed waterway, through which much of the world’s trade passes and which China claims virtually in its entirety

TAIPEI, Taiwan: For the first time, China has publicized what it claims is an unwritten 2016 agreement with the Philippines over access to South China Sea islands.
The move threatens to further raise tensions in the disputed waterway, through which much of the world’s trade passes and which China claims virtually in its entirety.
A statement from the Chinese Embassy in Manila said the “temporary special arrangement” agreed to during a visit to Beijing by former president Rodrigo Duterte allowed small scale fishing around the islands but restricted access by military, coast guard and other official planes and ships to the 12 nautical mile (22 kilometer) limit of territorial waters.
The Philippines respected the agreement over the past seven years but has since reneged on it to “fulfill its own political agenda,” forcing China to take action, the statement said.
“This is the basic reason for the ceaseless disputes at sea between China and the Philippines over the past year and more,” said the statement posted to the embassy’s website Thursday, referring to the actions of the Philippines.
President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. and Duterte have denied forging any agreements that would have supposedly surrendered Philippine sovereignty or sovereign rights to China. Any such action, if proven, would be an impeachable offense under the country’s 1987 Constitution.
However, after his visit to Beijing, Duterte hinted at such an agreement without offering details, said Collin Koh, senior fellow at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies based in Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and an expert on naval affairs in the Indo-Pacific region, particularly Southeast Asia. 


“He boasted then that he not only got Chinese investment and trade pledges, but also that he secured Philippine fishermen access to Scarborough Shoal,” Koh said, referring to one of the maritime features in dispute.
Beijing’s deliberate wording in the statement “is noteworthy in showing that Beijing has no official document to prove its case and thus could only rely mainly on Duterte’s verbal claim,” Koh said.
Marcos, who took office in June 2022, told reporters last month that China has insisted that there was such a secret agreement but said he was not aware of any.
“The Chinese are insisting that there is a secret agreement and, perhaps, there is, and, I said I didn’t, I don’t know anything about the secret agreement,” said Marcos, who has drawn the Philippines closer to its treaty partner the US “Should there be such a secret agreement, I am now rescinding it.”

Duterte nurtured cozy relations with Chinese President Xi Jinping during his six-year presidency while openly being hostile to the United States for its strong criticism of his deadly campaign against illegal drugs.

While he took an almost virulently anti-American stance during his 2016 visit to Washington’s chief rival, he has said he also did not enter into any agreement with Beijing that would have compromised Philippine territory. He acknowledged, however, that he and Xi agreed to maintain “the status quo” in the disputed waters to avoid war.
“Aside from the fact of having a handshake with President Xi Jinping, the only thing I remember was that status quo, that’s the word. There would be no contact, no movement, no armed patrols there, as is where is, so there won’t be any confrontation,” Duterte said.
Asked if he agreed that the Philippines would not bring construction materials to strengthen a Philippine military ship outpost at the Second Thomas Shoal, Duterte said that was part of maintaining the status quo but added there was no written agreement.
“That’s what I remember. If it were a gentleman’s agreement, it would always have been an agreement to keep the peace in the South China Sea,” Duterte said.
House Speaker Ferdinand Martin Romualdez, Marcos’s cousin and political ally, has ordered an investigation into what some are calling a “gentleman’s agreement.”
China has also claimed that Philippine officials have promised to tow away the navy ship that was deliberately grounded in the shallows of the Second Thomas Shoal in 1999 to serve as Manila’s territorial outpost. Philippine officials under Marcos say they were not aware of any such agreement and would not remove the now dilapidated and rust-encrusted warship manned by a small contingent of Filipino sailors and marines.
China has long accused Manila of “violating its commitments” and “acting illegally” in the South China Sea, without being explicit.
Apart from China and the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, Taiwan and Brunei also have overlapping claims in the sea that is rich in fishing stocks, gas and oil. Beijing has refused to recognize a 2016 international arbitration ruling by a UN-affiliated court in the Hauge that invalidated its expansive claims on historical grounds.
Skirmishes between Beijing and Manila have flared since last year, with massive Chinese coast guard cutters firing high-pressure water cannons at Philippine patrol vessels, most recently off Scarborough Shoal late last month, damaging both. They have also accused each other of dangerous maneuvering, leading to minor scrapes.
The US lays no claims to the South China Sea, but has deployed Navy ships and fighter jets in what it calls freedom of navigation operations that have challenged China’s claims.
The US has warned repeatedly that it’s obligated to defend the Philippines — its oldest treaty ally in Asia — if Filipino forces, ships or aircraft come under an armed attack, including in the South China Sea.


Japan seeks Sri Lanka recovery for regional stability

Updated 05 May 2024
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Japan seeks Sri Lanka recovery for regional stability

  • Colombo has handed over to a Chinese firm a deep sea port built on a huge China loan after failing to pay
  • Colombo defaulted on its $46 billion external debt in April 2022 and has failed to finalize any deals with foreign creditors so far

COLOMBO: Strategically placed Sri Lanka’s economic recovery was essential for stability in the Indo-Pacific region, Japan’s foreign minister said Saturday, urging Colombo to swiftly restructure its foreign debt.
Yoko Kamikawa said after talks with her Sri Lankan counterpart that Colombo should secure agreements with bilateral lenders and international sovereign bondholders to unlock suspended foreign funding.
The Sri Lankan government which defaulted on its $46 billion external debt in April 2022 had hoped to finalize deals with foreign creditors by April but there have been no final agreements yet.
Kamikawa said she “stressed the importance of reaching a debt restructuring agreement with all the creditors,” including China — the largest bilateral lender to the island.
“I also conveyed Japan’s intention to further support Sri Lanka’s development by swiftly resuming existing yen loan projects (after a debt restructuring deal),” she said.
She said Tokyo considered Colombo’s economic recovery as crucial for the entire region. The island is located halfway along the main east-west international shipping route.
“The restoration of stability and economic development of Sri Lanka, which is at a strategic location in the India Ocean, is essential for the stability and prosperity of the entire Indo-Pacific region,” she added.
Sri Lanka must secure agreement from all official creditors and a majority of private bondholders to continue with a four-year $2.9 billion bailout loan begun since March last year.
Japan, the second largest bilateral lender to the island has expressed concern about China’s big infrastructure projects in Sri Lanka and elsewhere in the region.
Tokyo maintains that the Chinese-funded projects did not meet international finance standards.
Unable to repay a huge loan taken from China in 2017 to build a deep sea port in southern Hambantota, Sri Lanka handed it over to a Chinese firm for $1.12 billion on a 99-year lease.
Sri Lanka ran out of cash to pay for even the most essential imports in 2022, leading to chronic shortages of food, fuel and medicines.
Then-president Gotabaya Rajapaksa, who faced allegations of mismanagement and corruption, was forced to flee the country and resign in July 2022 after months of protests.
His successor, Ranil Wickremesinghe has raised taxes, cut subsidies and is enforcing painful economic reforms in line with the IMF bailout.