LONDON: The Communications and Media Commission in Iraq has introduced new rules requiring digital content creators, including social media influencers, to register annually and pay fees based on their follower counts.
“The regulation aims to establish a framework that sets clear standards and procedures for digital content and advertising on social media platforms,” Haider Najm Al-Alaq, a spokesperson for the commission, told the Iraqi News Agency.
The primary goal is to “ensure transparency, credibility and public protection from unprofessional promotional content,” he added.
The new rules apply to bloggers, influencers and public figures with significant online followings. The aim is to align digital content with Iraqi laws, curb “misleading or unethical advertisements,” and offer legal protections for registered influencers, the commission said. They will also help to safeguard vulnerable groups, it added, including women, children and people with special needs.
The annual registration fees range from 250,000 to 1 million Iraqi dinars ($190 to $760), with influencers who have more than 5 million followers paying the highest amount. The commission said the regulations will be enforced through a monitoring system.
Al-Alaq said influencers will be required to adhere to specific standards for content, including “respect for national sovereignty,” avoidance of material that “damages Iraq’s position or foreign relations,” and support for security institutions in their counterterrorism efforts. They must also refrain from posting material that could incite violence or sectarianism, and provide a right of response for individuals affected by their content.
However, Iraqi journalism rights groups, content creators and media experts criticized the new regulations. They described the framework as vague, and raised concerns about its legal basis and potential for misuse. They also warned that the law will do little to regulate content quality and instead serve simply as a tool for generating revenue.
“This decision is sudden, illogical and baffling,” Iraqi journalist and blogger Omar Al-Janabi wrote in a message posted on social media platform X.
“It does not distinguish between commercial advertising and political commentary, nor between platforms. A journalist posting news on X is treated the same as a YouTube influencer selling skin cream.”
The new regulations follow a broader crackdown on what Iraqi authorities describe as “indecent content,” an effort that has intensified in the past year.
On Aug. 22, authorities arrested Raghad Mohammed Ghali Jabr Al-Janabi, a 22-year-old TikToker known online as “Natalie,” in Baghdad for allegedly promoting indecent material. Several other influencers, including Aned Khaled (nickname “Hassahs”), Ruqayya Rahim and Aya Al-Shammari were detained the same month under Article 403 of the Iraqi Penal Code, which criminalizes the production or distribution of content deemed to violate public decency. Those convicted under the law face fines and up to two years in prison.
The crackdown comes amid growing concern about the safety of social media personalities in Iraq. In April 2024, popular influencer Om Fahad was shot dead outside her home in Baghdad. The killing, the third in a string of violent attacks targeting online celebrities, sparked a nationwide debate about content regulation and online safety.