Nile basin nations say key accord has come into force

The Nile is the longest river in the world, with one tributary, the White Nile, starting in South Sudan and the other, the Blue Nile, in Ethiopia. (AP)
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Updated 14 October 2024
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Nile basin nations say key accord has come into force

  • Egypt and Sudan decline to sign the water-sharing agreement

KAMPALA: A regional partnership of 10 countries says an agreement on the equitable use of water resources from the Nile River basin has come into force despite the notable opposition of Egypt.

The legal status of the “cooperative framework” was formally confirmed by the African Union after South Sudan joined the treaty, the Nile Basin Initiative said in a statement Sunday.
Ethiopia, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Tanzania have ratified the accord. Egypt and Sudan declined to sign, while Congo abstained. Kenya has not yet deposited its ratification documents with the African Union.

FASTFACTS

• The accord ‘is a testament to our collective determination to harness the Nile River for the benefit of all, ensuring its equitable and sustainable use for generations to come,’ the Nile Basin Initiative said.

• Tensions in the region have increased, stemming in part from Ethiopia’s construction of a $4 billion dam on the Blue Nile, a key tributary of the Nile River.

The accord, which came into force on Sunday, “is a testament to our collective determination to harness the Nile River for the benefit of all, ensuring its equitable and sustainable use for generations to come,” the Nile Basin Initiative said in its statement. “This is a moment to congratulate the governments and people of the Nile riparian countries, and all partners and stakeholders, for their patience, resolve, and dedication to this cause.”
The lack of ratification by Egypt and Sudan — desert nations that have raised concern over any attempts to diminish their shares of Nile water — means the accord will prove controversial.
Tensions in the region have increased, stemming in part from Ethiopia’s construction of a $4 billion dam on the Blue Nile, a key tributary of the Nile River. Egypt fears the dam will have a devastating effect on water and irrigation supplies downstream unless Ethiopia takes its needs into account. Ethiopia plans to use the dam to generate badly needed electricity.
The accord’s rights clause states that Nile basin states “shall in their respective territories utilize the water resources of the Nile River system in an equitable and reasonable manner.”
Measuring 6,695 kilometers, the Nile is the longest river in the world, with one tributary, the White Nile, starting in South Sudan and the other, the Blue Nile, in Ethiopia.
Amid the dispute with Ethiopia, Egypt has recently appeared to strengthen its position in the Horn of Africa by pledging security cooperation with Somalia, which opposes Ethiopia’s efforts to seek access to the sea via the Somali breakaway territory of Somaliland. Under the terms of an agreement reached last week, Egypt could deploy peacekeeping troops to Somalia when the mandate of AU peacekeepers expires at the end of 2024.
Egypt, a founding member of the Nile Basin Initiative, has long asserted its rights to Nile water according to the terms of an agreement.
The agreement between Egypt and the UK gave downstream Egypt and Sudan rights to the Nile water, with Egypt taking 55.5 billion cubic meters and Sudan 18.5 billion cubic meters of the total of 84 billion cubic meters, with 10 billion lost to evaporation.
That agreement, first signed in 1929, took no account of the other nations along the river basin that have been agitating for a more equitable accord.

 


Forest fire sweeps through northern Morocco

Updated 55 min 20 sec ago
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Forest fire sweeps through northern Morocco

  • Reports say the fire devastated vast areas of woodland between Bab Taza and Derdara

RABAT: A major mountain forest fire close to the tourist city of Chefchaouen in northern Morocco was spreading on Wednesday, according to media and witnesses who spoke to AFP.
The fire has officially been declared a “major” one, a source told AFP, adding that Canadair firefighting aircraft were working to contain the flames.
Details on the extent of the fire, damage, or any victims or evacuations were not available.
According to news site Le360, two Canadair planes were operating “despite strong winds” in Chefchaouen province, home to 400,000 people, including 50,000 in the provincial capital.
Le360 reported that the fire had devastated “vast” areas of woodland between Bab Taza and Derdara, and had caused significant damage to orchards and fields near Karankha, before spreading to a nearby forest.
Strong winds have been sweeping through northern Morocco for two days, fanning the flames.
“The situation is catastrophic... The extent of the material damage seems quite large,” Aziz Makhlouf, a resident of the province, told AFP by phone.
“I haven’t seen such a fire in about 15 years,” he said, adding that there had been significant efforts by the authorities to combat the fire.
Videos shared online showed a sky darkened by smoke, the glow of flames in the mountains and residents fighting against the fire with buckets of water.
Reports in Moroccan media and on social networks said that fires had also broken out near Tetouan and Tangier, two other tourist destinations in the north of the country, which has been gripped by persistent drought since 2018.
As with much of western and southern Europe, Morocco has been gripped by heatwaves this summer, compounded by the strong, hot desert winds known as chergui, which blow in from the Sahara.


Recognizing Palestine cannot distract from Gaza ‘genocide’: UN special rapporteur

Updated 13 August 2025
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Recognizing Palestine cannot distract from Gaza ‘genocide’: UN special rapporteur

  • Francesca Albanese: World must take stronger action against Israel including total arms embargo, end to trade deals
  • Resolving ‘the question of Palestine in line with international law is possible and necessary’

LONDON: International momentum toward recognizing a Palestinian state should not distract UN members from bringing an end to the “genocide” in Gaza, Francesca Albanese has said.

The UN special rapporteur for the Occupied Territories told The Guardian that the extended debate about Palestinian statehood has yielded no political progress, instead enabling the spread of illegal Israeli settlements in the West Bank.

“The territory has been literally eaten out by the advancement of the annexation and colonization,” she said.

Recognition of a Palestinian state is “important,” but something so simple that “it’s incoherent that they’ve not done it already,” Albanese added.

Renewed global attention toward statehood should not “distract the attention from where it should be: the genocide,” she said, calling for a total arms embargo and a cessation of trade agreements with Israel.

“Ending the question of Palestine in line with international law is possible and necessary: End the genocide today, end the permanent occupation this year and end apartheid,” she added.

“This is what’s going to guarantee freedom and equal rights for everyone, regardless of the way they want to live — in two states or one state, they will have to decide.”

Albanese said growing worldwide angst over the destruction of Gaza is an “ultimate struggle” and a matter of “light and darkness.”

Despite inaction by Western countries, she sees hope in the “millions of people taking to the streets and asking for an end to the genocide.”

She added: “An entire new generation now speaks the language of human rights. For me, this is a success in and of itself.”

Her most recent report focused on the corporate power — “profiting from genocide” — behind Israel’s actions in Gaza.

“The occupation is profitable, and so is the genocide, and this is shocking, but it is to be known in order to be seen and to be stopped,” Albanese said.

“The power is not just with the prime ministers or with the governments. The power is with us, and we can start choosing through our wallet.”


Turkiye, Syria sign defense cooperation agreement after Ankara talks

Updated 13 August 2025
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Turkiye, Syria sign defense cooperation agreement after Ankara talks

  • Defense ministers sign a memorandum of understanding on military training and consultancy

ANKARA: The defense ministers of Turkiye and Syria signed a memorandum of understanding on military training and consultancy after talks in Ankara on Wednesday, Turkiye’s defense ministry said.
The neighbors had been negotiating a comprehensive military cooperation agreement for months, after the ousting of Bashar Assad in December.


Indonesian doctor in Gaza gives witness account to Israel’s assassination of Anas Al-Sharif

Updated 13 August 2025
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Indonesian doctor in Gaza gives witness account to Israel’s assassination of Anas Al-Sharif

  • ⁠Neurosurgeon Dr. Eka Budhi Satyawardhana was present at the scene when the attack took place
  • Assassination of Anas Al-Sharif and the doctor’s account have sent chills through Indonesia

DUBAI: An Indonesian doctor volunteering in Gaza has given a witness account of Israel’s assassination of Al Jazeera reporter Anas Al-Sharif earlier this week, describing how an Israeli drone bombed a gathering of journalists, killing an entire media crew.

Al-Sharif, Al Jazeera’s 28-year-old Arabic correspondent who had reported extensively from northern Gaza, was one of the network’s most recognizable faces.

He was killed inside a tent for journalists outside Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza City on Sunday night, alongside six other people, including another Al Jazeera correspondent, Mohammed Qreiqeh, and the network’s camera operators Ibrahim Zaher and Mohammed Noufal. Also killed were freelance cameraman Momen Aliwa and freelance journalist Mohammed Al-Khalidi.

Dr. Eka Budhi Satyawardhana, a neurosurgeon from the Jakarta-based Medical Emergency Rescue Committee, who is currently volunteering at Al-Shifa Hospital, was at the scene when the attack took place.

“It happened around 11:20 p.m. At that time, our MER-C team and members of several medical teams from other NGOs were resting in the mess hall, but we all woke up when we heard a very loud explosion,” he said in a voice message released by MER-C on Tuesday evening.

“The bombing was carried out with a quadcopter. Usually, if a quadcopter is spying, it has AI that pinpoints the location, and then the facial features. When the AI result matches the targeted victim, the bomb is released.”

The site was busy at the time of the attack, as a simple food stall in front of the hospital was a gathering place for journalists.

For another 10 hours, the hospital’s emergency teams were still trying to save those wounded, including a child whose body was torn by the blast.

“The emergency room was still very busy around 8 or 9 in the morning. They were treating victims of the bombing,” Dr. Satyawardhana said. “The explosion was large, causing collateral damage.”

The killing and the doctor’s account have sent chills through Indonesia, where many people have been following Al-Sharif’s reporting.

“They’re using AI to detect faces and kill with drones ... That’s so scary. I felt like my body was drowning and aching,” Wanda Hamidah, an Indonesian actress and politician, told Arab News.

“Anas was one of the last surviving journalists in Gaza. They’re targeting journalists, nurses, doctors, medical staff. This genocidal cruelty is beyond words.”

The assassination of Al-Sharif, who has been widely celebrated as the “voice of Gaza,” came after months of incitement against him and Israeli officials numerous times, hinting that he was on their hit list.

Aware of it, Al-Sharif wrote his last will in advance. It was published on his social media accounts following his killing.

“If these words reach you, know that Israel has succeeded in killing me and silencing my voice,” he wrote. “Allah knows I gave every effort and all my strength to be a support and a voice for my people.”

Israel has killed nearly 270 journalists and media workers since launching its war on Gaza, according to Shireen.ps, a monitoring website named after Al Jazeera journalist Shireen Abu Akleh, who was killed by Israeli forces in the occupied West Bank in 2022.

Data from Brown University’s “Cost of War” project shows that more journalists were killed in Israel’s war on Gaza than in the US Civil War, World Wars I and II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the wars in Yugoslavia in the 1990s and 2000s, and the post-9/11 war in Afghanistan, combined.

“It looks like a desperate attempt to silence all the journalists, and it’s so clear. They are clearly targeting journalists,” said Paramita Mentari Kesuma, an Indonesian sustainability expert.

After Al-Sharif’s assassination, many Western media outlets failed to condemn the systematic targeting of Palestinian journalists and instead carried the Israeli military’s justification for his killing, framing him — like many others over the past 22 months — as a legitimate target.

“Journalists do not speak on behalf of other journalists who are attacked,” Kesuma said. “Journalists should come together to speak up.”


Israel pounds Gaza City, 123 dead in last 24 hours

Updated 13 August 2025
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Israel pounds Gaza City, 123 dead in last 24 hours

  • Death toll is the worst in a week as Israel continues to ignore global outrage
  • Netanyahu again claims Gazans should leave territory as his government prepare offensive to take over Gaza City

CAIRO/JERUSALEM: Israel’s military pounded Gaza City on Wednesday prior to a planned takeover, with another 123 people killed in the last day according to the Gaza health ministry, while militant group Hamas held further talks with Egyptian mediators.
The 24-hour death toll was the worst in a week and added to the massive fatalities from the nearly two-year war that has shattered the enclave housing more than 2 million Palestinians.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu reiterated an idea — also enthusiastically floated by US President Donald Trump — that Palestinians should simply leave.
“They’re not being pushed out, they’ll be allowed to exit,” he told Israeli television channel i24NEWS. “All those who are concerned for the Palestinians and say they want to help the Palestinians should open their gates and stop lecturing us.”
Arabs and many world leaders are aghast at the idea of displacing the Gaza population, which Palestinians say would be like another “Nakba” (catastrophe) when hundreds of thousands fled or were forced out during a 1948 war.
Israel’s planned re-seizure of Gaza City — which it took in the early days of the war before withdrawing — is probably weeks away, officials say. That means a ceasefire is still possible though talks have been floundering and conflict still rages.
Israeli planes and tanks bombed eastern areas of Gaza City heavily, residents said, with many homes destroyed in the Zeitoun and Shejaia neighborhoods overnight. Al-Ahli hospital said 12 people were killed in an airstrike on a home in Zeitoun.
Tanks also destroyed several houses in the east of Khan Younis in south Gaza too, while in the center Israeli gunfire killed nine aid-seekers in two separate incidents, Palestinian medics said. Israel’s military did not comment.
Eight more people, including three children, have died of starvation and malnutrition in Gaza in the past 24 hours, the territory’s health ministry said. That took the total to 235, including 106 children, since the war began.
Israel disputes those malnutrition and hunger figures reported by the health ministry in the Hamas-run enclave.
Hamas chief negotiator Khalil Al-Hayya’s meetings with Egyptian officials in Cairo on Wednesday were to focus on stopping the war, delivering aid and “ending the suffering of our people in Gaza,” Hamas official Taher Al-Nono said in a statement.
Egyptian security sources said the talks would also discuss the possibility of a comprehensive ceasefire that would see Hamas relinquish governance in Gaza and concede its weapons.
A Hamas official told Reuters the group was open to all ideas if Israel ends the war and pulls out. However, “Laying down arms before the occupation is dismissed is impossible,” the official, who asked not to be named, told Reuters.
Netanyahu’s plan to expand military control over Gaza, which Israeli sources said could be launched in October, has heightened global outcry over the widespread devastation, displacement and hunger in the enclave.
Twenty-four nations this week decried the “unimaginable levels” of suffering and urged Israel to allow unrestricted aid.
Israel accuses Hamas of stealing aid and says it has taken steps to increase supplies, including daily combat pauses in some areas and protected routes for convoys.
The Israeli military on Wednesday said that nearly 320 trucks entered Gaza through the Kerem Shalom and Zikim crossings and that a further nearly 320 trucks were collected and distributed by the UN and international organizations in the past 24 hours along with three tankers of fuel and 97 pallets of air-dropped aid.
But the UN and Palestinians say aid remains far from sufficient.
The war began on October 7, 2023, when Hamas-led militants stormed into southern Israel, killing 1,200 people and taking 251 hostages, according to Israeli figures. Israel’s offensive against Hamas in Gaza since then has killed more than 61,000 Palestinians, according to local health officials.
Arab states and much of the international community want post-war Gaza to be governed by the Palestinian Authority, which exercises limited governance in the Israeli-occupied West Bank.
The authority’s foreign minister, Varsen Aghabekian Shahin, told reporters it was ready to assume full responsibility in Gaza. Hamas would have no role and be required to hand over arms, she added, calling for an international peacekeeping force and withdrawal by Israel.
Hamas says it is ready to quit Gaza governance for a non-partisan technocratic entity agreed by all Palestinian parties.
Israel says it does not trust the PA to rule Gaza.