Pakistan bolsters hot water treatment to disinfect mangoes against pests, boost exports

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Updated 27 June 2024
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Pakistan bolsters hot water treatment to disinfect mangoes against pests, boost exports

  • Farmers blame climate change for parasites, extreme weather ruining much of this season’s crop
  • 40% of Pakistan’s mango exports undergo hot water treatment, with majority exported to EU, Iran

KARACHI: Pakistan is working to advance its hot water treatment facilities to disinfect mangoes from pests in a bid to boost exports, a Trade and Development Authority of Pakistan (TDAP) consultant said this week, as farmers blame climate change for the parasites and extreme weather ruining much of this season’s crop.
The All Pakistan Fruit and Vegetable Exporters Association said in May there was a “significant reduction” in mango production for a third consecutive year due to climate change, which meant the country may not be able to meet its export targets. This year, the export target has been set at 100,000 metric tons, whereas last year the export target was 125,000 metric tons but only 100,000 metric tons could be exported, according to the Association.
Pakistan is the world’s fourth-largest mango producer and agriculture accounts for almost a quarter of its GDP. But Pakistani mangoes have faced export challenges in recent years due to concerns over pests and fruit flies that can threaten the agricultural standards of importing countries.
Hot water treatment, which involves immersing mangoes in hot water at a regulated temperature, is employed to eradicate pests without harming the fruit. The method not only ensures compliance with stringent international health and safety regulations but also preserves the fruit’s quality, extends its shelf life and maintains market competitiveness.
Dr. Mubarik Ahmed, a consultant with the Trade and Development Authority of Pakistan, said Pakistan started the hot water treatment of mangoes in 2014.
“In the same year, India was banned by the European Union … and they [the EU] warned us that they were going to place the same ban on Pakistan,” Ahmed said. “In order to avoid that, we made it mandatory that all the mangoes that went to the European Union will be hot water treated.”




In this photo, taken on June 24, 2024, workers assemble mangoes for a disinfectant process at the Mango Hot Water Treatment Plant in Karachi, ahead of its exports to extend the shelf life. (AN Photo)

Ahmed said Pakistan had expanded its HWT facilities from one in 2014 to 26 in 2024 to meet phytosanitary requirements, ensuring that around 40 percent of the country’s mango exports went through hot water treatment, with the majority exported to the EU and Iran.
“If we talk in terms of numbers, we generally export around 40,000 tons of mangoes to Iran and similarly we export between 9,000 to 11,000 tons to the European Union,” he said. “So, this is the benchmark. But last year we had a bad mango crop and the exports declined.”
Imran Segal, the owner of Orangzaib & Brothers Hot Water Treatment Plant, said HWT was a “simple procedure.”
“We bring the temperature of the water in the water tank to 48.5 degrees Celsius,” he explained. “When we pass the mangoes through this water for 60 minutes, any fruit flies or diseases in it [fruit] are eliminated.”
He said two breeds of Pakistani mangoes – Sindhri and Chaunsa – were hot water treated.
“Sindhri is the first to arrive in the market, coinciding with the start of the mango season, which means that it dominates the market in terms of quantity due to its high demand,” Segal added. “Meanwhile, Chaunsa is highly prized for its excellent taste in Punjab ... Overall, their [hot water treatment] share is evenly split at 50-50.”
“CLIMATE INFLUENCES”
Pakistan produces around 1.8 million metric tons of mangoes annually, of which 70 percent are produced in Punjab province, 29 percent in Sindh and one percent in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Pakistan’s 20 varieties of mangoes come second only to oranges as the most-produced fruit in the country.
Ahmed said environmental conditions in the Punjab and Sindh provinces were conducive to the rapid multiplication of fruit flies, emphasizing the necessity of control measures, especially during years with high pest infestations.
Progressive farmers used techniques like pheromone traps to manage the pest population but there was a need for the wider adoption of effective control methods, the consultant advised.
“The punch line is that climate influences pest intensity,” he said. “I think climate is influencing the pest complex and the disease pattern in mangoes, as a result of climatic changes there may be some new diseases or there may be some of the disease that already exists, will finish off. So, the research institutes are working on it and we hope that they come up with a concrete pattern.”




In this photo, taken on June 24, 2024, workers pack mangoes after a disinfectant process at the Mango Hot Water Treatment Plant in Karachi, ahead of its exports to extend the shelf life. (AN Photo)

In a statement in May, Waheed Ahmed, the patron-in-chief of the All Pakistan Fruit and Vegetable Exporters Association, lamented a constant climate-induced decrease in mango yields.
“This year, due to weather effects, the production of mangoes in Punjab is 35-40 percent, while in Sindh it is less than 20 percent and thus the total production is feared to be reduced by 0.6 million metric tons,” Waheen said. 
“This estimate was made at the start of production and is likely to increase further as the season progresses.
“The effects of climate change have emerged as the biggest threat to mango production, which can well be gauged from the fact that mango production has declined for the third year in a row.”


Pakistan gear up for AFC U23 Asian Cup qualifiers in Saudi Arabia with training camp

Updated 20 August 2025
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Pakistan gear up for AFC U23 Asian Cup qualifiers in Saudi Arabia with training camp

  • Qualifiers will take place from Sept. 1-9, feature 44 teams in total in groups of 11
  • Pakistan have been placed with hosts Cambodia, Iraq and Oman in Group G

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan are gearing up for the qualifiers of the Saudi Arabia-hosted AFC Asian Cup 2026, with a training camp in Islamabad, the Pakistan Football Federation (PFF) said on Wednesday.

The qualifiers will feature 44 sides each drawn into 11 groups, which will be contested from Sept. 1-9. The 11 group winners and the four best-ranked runners-up will join Saudi Arabia, who are hosting the tournament for the first time, in January’s finals.

Pakistan has been placed in Group G with Iraq, Cambodia and Oman. While the tournament will be hosted in Saudi Arabia, one member of the group will host all qualifier matches. Cambodia has been picked as the host for all Group G AFC Asian Cup qualifier matches.

“Initially, 50 players selected through tryouts are participating in the camp,” the PFF said in a statement on Wednesday. “The final 23-member squad will be announced later.”

Pakistan Head Coach Nolberto Solano joined the U23 team at the Jinnah Sports Complex in Islamabad for the training camp, the PFF said.

Pakistan will play its first match against Iraq on Sept. 3, followed by its second one against hosts Cambodia on Sept. 6. The Green Shirts play their final group stage match against Oman on Sept. 9.


Karachi educational institutions ordered shut as 17 killed amid heavy rains, flooding

Updated 48 min 13 sec ago
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Karachi educational institutions ordered shut as 17 killed amid heavy rains, flooding

  • Karachi received over 200 mm of rainfall from Aug. 19-20, triggering urban flooding
  • Karachi has often seen moderate rains trigger flooding in several parts of the city

KARACHI: All educational institutions in Pakistan’s financial hub Karachi will remain closed on Thursday, the Sindh College Education Department said in a notification, as the city reels from heavy monsoon rains and urban flooding that have killed 17 people this week.

The intense monsoon downpours, which began in Karachi on Tuesday, have killed 17 people according to the Rescue 1122 emergency service. Major arteries of the city were flooded with water, leaving citizens stranded for hours on Tuesday and Wednesday. News outlets reported that several areas of the city remained without power for over 24 hours till Wednesday night.

Private weather forecasting company WeatherWalay said the city experienced “an extraordinary rainfall event” from Aug. 19-20, recording the highest 24-hour precipitation in over four decades when it received between 150-259 millimeters of rainfall across various locations. The development prompted authorities to close businesses and educational institutions on Wednesday.

Karachi Mayor Murtaza Wahab, meanwhile, said most of the city’s roads, including its major thoroughfares and important underpasses, were cleared for traffic on Wednesday morning.

“All public and private educational institutions within the territorial jurisdiction of Karachi Division under the administrative control of the College Education Department, Government of Sindh shall remain closed on Thursday, 21 August, 2025 due to heavy rains,” the education department’s notification said on Wednesday.

According to details shared by Rescue 1122 about the 17 deaths, six were caused by electrocution while six were killed by structures collapsing. Four drowned due to the intense rains while one person was killed in a fire incident.

Karachi, a city of more than 20 million with dilapidated infrastructure, has often seen even moderate rains trigger flooding in parts of the city, threatening residents’ lives and causing hours-long power outages.

Karachi has faced repeated bouts of urban flooding in recent years. In July-August 2009, the heaviest rains in three decades killed at least 26 people and damaged infrastructure.

Torrential downpours in August 2017 left 23 dead and large parts of the city paralyzed, while heavy rains in 2019 killed 11, mostly from electrocution and collapsing structures.

The following year brought the worst flooding in nearly a century, with record-breaking rainfall in August 2020 killing more than 40 and cutting power to many neighborhoods for days.

In July 2022, intense monsoon showers again submerged parts of the city, killing at least 14 in early July and several more later that month.

Karachi has been lashed with heavy rains at a time when Pakistan is witnessing an intense monsoon season that has already ravaged several areas, particularly in the country’s north, where cloudburst-triggered deluges have killed nearly 400 people since Aug.15.

In total, over 700 Pakistanis have died in this year’s monsoon season, which began on Jun. 26, according to the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA).


China’s FM arrives in Pakistan for strategic dialogue following India visit

Updated 20 August 2025
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China’s FM arrives in Pakistan for strategic dialogue following India visit

  • Wang Yi held meetings with Indian premier, top leadership this week on border disputes
  • Visit takes place months after intense military standoff between India, Pakistan in May

ISLAMABAD: China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi arrived in Islamabad on Wednesday to attend the sixth round of the Foreign Ministers’ Strategic Dialogue between the two countries, Pakistan’s foreign office said in a statement, days after he held talks with India’s top political leadership.

The top Chinese diplomat arrived in India on Monday and met Foreign Affairs Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar as well as National Security Adviser Ajit Doval to hold talks regarding the countries’ disputed border in the Himalayan mountains. He later met Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi as well.

Yi’s visit also comes months after a brief but intense military standoff between India and Pakistan in May, during which Islamabad deployed Chinese-made fighter jets and missiles against Delhi. India alleged that Beijing actively supported Pakistan’s military response.

Pakistan’s Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar received Yi after he arrived in Islamabad, the foreign office said.

“Mr. Wang Yi is visiting Pakistan to co-chair with DPM/FM the 6th round of Foreign Ministers’ Strategic Dialogue being held on 21 August 2025,” the foreign office said.

Institutionalized in 2017, the strategic dialogue provides a platform for high-level engagement on regional developments, reaffirmation of shared interests and coordination on multilateral issues between both neighbors.

Pakistan considers China a major investor and regional ally. China is Pakistan’s largest trading partner, with bilateral trade exceeding $25 billion in recent years, and Chinese companies have already invested heavily in power, transport, infrastructure, and telecoms projects across the country as part of the multi-billion-dollar China-Pakistan Economic Corridor project.

Pakistan’s foreign office said in a statement on Tuesday that Yi’s visit is part of the regular high-level exchanges between Pakistan and China to further deepen their ‘All-Weather Strategic Cooperative Partnership.’

It said the visit would also reaffirm support on core interest issues, enhance economic and trade cooperation, and reaffirm both nations’ joint commitment to regional peace, development and stability.


Pakistan, China, Afghanistan vow joint fight against militancy, to extend CPEC to Kabul

Updated 20 August 2025
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Pakistan, China, Afghanistan vow joint fight against militancy, to extend CPEC to Kabul

  • Foreign ministers of Pakistan, China, Afghanistan meet in Kabul to discuss political, economic and security cooperation
  • All sides agree to bolster trade, transit cooperation, extend China-Pakistan Economic Corridor to Afghanistan, says Islamabad

ISLAMABAD: Islamabad, Beijing and Kabul have pledged to strengthen joint efforts against “terrorism,” deepen cooperation in several sectors and extend a multi-billion-dollar energy and infrastructure project to Afghanistan, the Pakistani foreign office said on Wednesday following talks between the three sides in Kabul.

The trilateral dialogue between China, Pakistan and Afghanistan was institutionalized in 2017. It aims to promote political trust, counterterrorism coordination and economic integration between the three countries.

The talks helped ease tensions between Islamabad and Kabul, who have been at odds with each other amid a surge in militant attacks in Pakistan. There has been a thaw in relations after both sides agreed to elevate diplomatic ties in May to the ambassadorial level. China brokered the deal in an informal meeting in Beijing to improve relations between the two neighbors, under which it was also agreed to extend the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) to Afghanistan.

“The Sixth Trilateral Foreign Ministers Dialogue was held on 20 August 2025 in Kabul,” Pakistan’s foreign office spokesperson said in a statement issued after the meeting, which was attended by the foreign ministers of the three countries.

“The three sides committed to strengthen joint efforts against terrorism,” the statement said, adding that the dialogue focused on political, economic and security cooperation between the three.

“They [Pakistan, China & Afghanistan] also reaffirmed their commitment to deepening collaboration in trade, transit, regional development, health, education, culture, and combating drug trafficking as well as extension of CPEC to Afghanistan,” the spokesperson said.

CPEC is a multi-billion-dollar project that aims to connect China and Pakistan through a network of roads, railways, and energy pipelines.

Dar held a bilateral meeting with his Afghan counterpart, Mawlawi Amir Khan Muttaqi, on the sidelines of the dialogue. Both welcomed the recent elevation of diplomatic ties between the two countries from chargé d’affaires to the ambassadorial level, a separate statement from the foreign office said.

“Dar acknowledged the encouraging progress in political and commercial ties, while expressing progress in the security domain, especially in counterterrorism, continues to lag behind,” the foreign office said.

Dar highlighted a recent surge in militant attacks inside Pakistan, saying the attacks were perpetrated by groups operating from Afghan soil.

He urged Afghan authorities to take “concrete and verifiable measures” against entities such as the Pakistani Taliban or Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan, and the separatist Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA)/Majeed Brigade.

Islamabad alleges these militant groups, which carry out attacks against Pakistani law enforcers, operate from sanctuaries in Afghanistan. Kabul denies the accusations.

“The Afghan Acting Foreign Minister reaffirmed Afghanistan’s commitment to ensuring its territory is not used by any terrorist group against Pakistan or other nations,” the statement added.

‘VERY POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT’

Foreign affairs experts said the trilateral dialogue in Kabul was a “positive development” that could help address Pakistan and China’s shared concerns over “terrorism.”

“This is a very positive development as Pakistan, China, and Afghanistan sat together and agreed to work jointly to rid the region of terrorist elements,” Naghmana Hashmi, Pakistan’s former ambassador to China, told Arab News.

She said the commitment expressed by the three neighboring countries to extend CPEC to Afghanistan was also an encouraging sign that would help the project achieve its true potential.

“It is a natural extension, since without peace in Afghanistan and smooth transit routes through its territory, CPEC cannot fully deliver for Pakistan, which needs access to Central Asian states and beyond,” she added.

Former Pakistani diplomat Asif Durrani said the outcome of the meeting would become evident in the coming weeks, depending on whether cross-border “terrorism” incidents take place or not.

“It is an ongoing process and some improvement has taken place, so we remain cautiously optimistic and keep our fingers crossed,” he said.

Durrani said growing engagements at the leadership level were encouraging for both Pakistan and Afghanistan.

“It is important that both countries keep talking, as seen in the case of Pakistan and India, where dialogue stopped and unresolved issues created a visible regional impact,” he added.

The trilateral talks took place as Pakistan presses ahead with a deportation drive against “illegal immigrants,” mostly Afghans, which it launched in 2023 citing security fears and illegal migration.

The process has continued in phases, with Islamabad now planning to expel documented Afghan refugees after Sept. 1, having refused to extend their stay permits.


Chinese company eyes building maritime industrial complex, green shipbreaking yard in Pakistan

Updated 20 August 2025
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Chinese company eyes building maritime industrial complex, green shipbreaking yard in Pakistan

  • Delegation of China’s Shandong Xinxu Group, a high-tech energy enterprise, meets PM Shehbaz Sharif in Islamabad
  • Shandong aims to benefit from Pakistan’s potential in fishing, fish processing and date processing, says PM Office

ISLAMABAD: A delegation of Chinese company Shandong Xinxu Group met Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Wednesday, expressing interest in building a maritime industrial complex in Pakistan and constructing a green shipbreaking yard in the country, Sharif’s office said in a statement.

Shandong Xinxu Group Co., Ltd. is a high-tech energy enterprise integrating the renewable energy industry chain, including dedicated battery equipment, nuclear power equipment, urban wastewater treatment projects and renewable smart energy storage systems. According to its website, Shandong Group’s products have been exported to more than 40 countries and regions such as Pakistan, India, Tunisia and Belarus.

Business at the shipyard has declined in recent years as Pakistan navigates a tricky path to recovery from a prolonged macroeconomic crisis. The shipbreaking industry has also taken a hit due to worldwide calls to stop beach scrapping because of the danger and environmental damage from pollutants left to drain into the sea.

Sharif met Shandong Group’s delegation, led by its chairman Hou Jianxin in Islamabad, the PMO said. During the meeting, Sharif invited Chinese industries to invest in Pakistan, assuring them that the government will provide all possible facilities for the establishment of Special Economic Zones.

“Shandong is interested in establishing a maritime industrial complex in Pakistan,” the statement said. “The Chinese company will build a green shipbreaking yard in Pakistan.”

During the meeting, the two sides were also briefed that Pakistan has immense potential in the ship-breaking and ship recycling sectors.

Gadani in Pakistan’s southwestern Balochistan province once used to be one of the world’s main destinations for end-of-life vessels. Here, old and decommissioned ships were regularly dismantled and their parts, especially steel, were recycled, reused or resold.

In June, Pakistan’s government approved Rs12 billion [$42 million] to transform the Gadani ship-breaking yard into a “model green facility” to reduce pollution and manage hazardous waste, the maritime affairs ministry had said.

During the meeting, both sides were also briefed that the Chinese enterprise aims to benefit from Pakistan’s potential in fishing, fish processing and in the processing of date fruits.

Pakistan has been pushing for foreign investment in its key economic sectors ever since it came to the brink of a sovereign default in 2023 before an International Monetary Fund loan program helped it avert the crisis.

Pakistan considers China a key regional, economic and strategic partner. Since 2013, Beijing has invested tens of billions of dollars in energy and infrastructure projects in Pakistan as part of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, a major segment of China’s Belt and Road Initiative that aims to build land and maritime trade routes linking Asia with Africa and Europe.