Saudi Arabia has important role to play in hydrogen economy: Siemens Energy CEO

Bruch became CEO of Siemens Energy in May 2020. (Reuters)
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Updated 07 April 2022
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Saudi Arabia has important role to play in hydrogen economy: Siemens Energy CEO

  • Expansion of Siemens' Dammam Energy Hub is a “trigger point” for the energy transition in the Kingdom

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia will be a major player in the future hydrogen economy in the years to come, according to Siemens Energy CEO Christian Bruch.

“Many of the elements required for the hydrogen economy are present in the Kingdom,” Bruch said in an interview with Arab News. “You have a resource of solar energy and good existing infrastructures. If I look five or 10 years ahead, I expect that hydrogen will play a key role.”

Green hydrogen power is one of the growth areas for Siemens Energy, which recently signed a memorandum of understanding to develop a hydrogen-based industry with export potential with Egypt’s state-owned Egyptian Electricity Holding Company.

The expansion of the company’s Dammam Energy Hub (SEDH) is a “trigger point” for the energy transition in the Kingdom and increasing the talent pool of skilled local workers in the industry, said Bruch.

SEDH, which was established 19 years ago, is the largest gas turbine and compressor manufacturing facility in the region.

“We have 650 employees working in Siemens Energy [in Saudi Arabia], and we have a localization of about 40 percent,” he said. “All of them are very talented people, and this is something we continue to build.”

Bruch said travel restrictions imposed across the globe during the COVID-19 pandemic has underlined the need for all countries to ensure they have a highly-skilled domestic workforce.

“This is why the facility is so important,” he said. “It’s an opportunity to train employees on the operational side to improve the local workforce. In a world emerging from the pandemic, it’s important to ensure reliable service to our customers. We are also localizing the supply chain in terms of equipment.”

Saudi Arabia plans to generate 50 percent of its energy from renewables by 2030, up from less than 1 percent at the beginning of this year as part of its Vision 2030 initiative.

Under its National Renewable Energy Program, launched in January 2019, it will install 27.3 GW of mostly solar and to a lesser extent wind by 2023 and 58.7 GW by 2050.

In common with others in the sector, Bruch sees the Kingdom’s shift from hydrocarbons as a key area for Siemens’ future growth but added established energy manufacturing plants and technology still had an essential role in the transition.

“There are a lot of things coming on the renewable side, and that’s very good, but the much more difficult task to do is how you save the existing assets we have today and make them better,” he said.

“This facility [SDEH] can play a critical role in that because it is where we can join teams together to help find solutions. It can be a bridge from today’s world to the future.”

As an example, Bruch highlighted a project Siemens Energy is developing in the Kingdom, which will enable its customers to use small amounts of hydrogen to power existing gas turbines.

“This is a bridge to using existing installations and making them more efficient and carbon-free,” said Bruch. “The focus must be on smart solutions and efficiency for our products, combined with the ability to do a lot more things locally.”


Mining, entertainment sectors eye 100bn in investments by 2030

Updated 8 sec ago
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Mining, entertainment sectors eye 100bn in investments by 2030

  • Ongoing regulatory reforms are making the Kingdom an attractive destination for foreign investments

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia is steadily progressing in its journey to attract $100 billion in foreign direct investments by the end of this decade, with the Kingdom heavily focusing on securing funds in high-growth sectors, experts have said.

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 economic diversification program aims to transform its economic landscape, including attracting foreign direct investment and increasing FDI’s contribution to the Kingdom’s gross domestic product.

To facilitate and increase FDI, in August Saudi Arabia approved an updated investment law, aimed at boosting transparency and easing the process of investing in the Kingdom.

Speaking to Arab News, Emilio El-Asmar, partner at Oliver Wyman’s Government and Public Institutions practice – India, Middle East and Africa, said that the mining sector is one of the most promising industries that will help the Kingdom achieve its FDI goals by 2030.

He also pointed out that the ongoing regulatory reforms happening in Saudi Arabia are making the Kingdom an attractive destination for foreign investments.

“Saudi Arabia’s National Investment Strategy, central to Vision 2030, aims to transform the Kingdom into a globally competitive, innovation-driven economy,” said El-Asmar. 

Saudi Arabia offers geopolitical neutrality, long-term offtake potential, and value-add opportunities.

Emilio El-Asmar, partner at Oliver Wyman’s Government and Public Institutions practice – India, Middle East and Africa

He added: “Mining and metals are among the most promising areas, as the Kingdom has $2.5 trillion worth of untapped resources, including gold, copper, lithium, and rare earth elements, which are vital to energy transition and global industry. Regulatory reforms and integrated industrial zones are opening this frontier market to international investment.”

The comments from the Oliver Wyman official come after Saudi Arabia launched a new incentive package to attract foreign direct investments into the nation’s mining sector.

The Ministry of Investment is collaborating closely with the Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources through an exploration enablement program aimed at simplifying investments in the mineral exploration industry, the Saudi Press Agency reported in March.

Ryan Alnesayan, partner at Arthur D. Little in the Middle East region, also echoed similar views and said that the mining sector could become a game changer in Saudi Arabia’s economic diversification journey.

“The new mining law and exploration incentives are attracting serious interest, and the Kingdom is positioning itself as a global mining hub with reliable data, infrastructure, and long-term demand,” said Alnesayan.

El-Asmar further said that Saudi Arabia’s Ras Al-Khair and Wa’ad Al Shamal offer integrated infrastructure, rail and port access, and proximity to downstream processing, making them investment-friendly destinations for international entities.

“These ecosystems support refining, smelting, and metal fabrication. A pipeline of investable projects, from exploration to processing, is backed by national institutions including the Public Investment Fund and industrial champions,” said the Oliver Wyman official. 

Global players are investing in everything from gaming and digital media to smart cities and AI.

Ryan Alnesayan, partner at Arthur D. Little in the Middle East region

He added: “As global supply chains seek secure mineral sources, Saudi Arabia offers geopolitical neutrality, long-term offtake potential, and value-add opportunities. Its location between Africa, Asia, and Europe gives investors access to regional growth markets.”

In January, speaking at the Future Minerals Forum, Saudi Arabia’s Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Bandar Alkhorayef said the nation seeks to promote exploration opportunities across 5,000 sq. km of mineralized belts in 2025, aligned with the Kingdom’s broader plans to establish mining as the third pillar of its industrial economy.

In May, a report released by the General Authority for Statistics revealed that net FDI into Saudi Arabia stood at SR22.1 billion ($5.89 billion) in the fourth quarter of 2024, representing a rise of 26 percent compared to the previous three months.

GASTAT also added that this figure was the highest level across the year, surpassing the SR15.5 billion seen in the first three months of 2024, the SR19 billion recorded in the second quarter, and the SR17.5 billion witnessed in the third.

This development comes after Saudi Arabia rose to 13th place in Kearney’s 2025 Foreign Direct Investment Confidence Index, published in April.

This is up one spot from last year and also means the Kingdom retained its position as the third-most attractive emerging market, signaling continued global confidence in its transformation strategy.

Kearney added that the ranking reflects the nation’s bold, reform-driven approach to building an internationally competitive, future-ready economy.

Other crucial sectors

El-Asmar also outlined other crucial areas that could drive FDI into Saudi Arabia in the coming years.

According to the Oliver Wyman official, sectors including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and petrochemicals are also expected to see foreign funds pour into the Kingdom.

He added: “In petrochemicals, Saudi Arabia is expanding beyond crude oil into speciality chemicals, high-performance plastics, and packaging, backed by integrated feedstock and logistics infrastructure.”

El-Asmar said that Saudi Arabia is ranked second among G20 countries in digital competitiveness, and the Kingdom has strong infrastructure, forward-looking regulations, and digital competitiveness capable of drawing FDI in AI, cloud, cybersecurity, smart city tech, fintech, and health tech.

“Incentives include regulatory sandboxes, IP protections, and access to a growing consumer and enterprise market, making the Kingdom attractive for global tech firms and startups,” said El-Asmar.

Alnesayan also highlighted the role of technology and entertainment sectors in materialising Saudi Arabia’s FDI goals.

“Entertainment and tech reflect Saudi Arabia’s new growth story. Global players are investing in everything from gaming and digital media to smart cities and AI. These sectors are fueling job creation, innovation, and a dynamic consumer market,” said the Arthur D. Little official.

El-Asmar agreed that the entertainment sector is central to Saudi Arabia’s diversification and FDI strategy, reflecting cultural openness and rising domestic demand.

“With a population of 35 million and rising demand for premium experiences, the Kingdom is seeing growth in cinemas, theme parks, live events, and content production. Major international brands are entering the market, supported by co-investment and giga-projects like Qiddiya,” he said.

RHQ program and FDI

Alnesayan believes that Saudi Arabia’s regional headquarters program is emerging as one of the key drivers of FDI in the Kingdom.

“The RHQ Program is not just about relocating offices — it’s about anchoring decision-making in Riyadh. That brings investment, talent, and deeper regional integration. We’ve already seen over 600 companies commit, and the momentum is accelerating,” he said.

Saudi Arabia’s regional headquarters program offers incentives such as a 30-year corporate income tax exemption, withholding tax immunity, and various support services for international businesses.

Some of the noted firms that relocated their headquarters to the Kingdom are Northern Trust, Bechtel and Pepsico from the US, and IHG Hotels and Resorts, PwC, and Deloitte from the UK.

El-Asmar also highlighted the importance of the RHQ program and said that Saudi Arabia’s location — at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa — makes it an ideal base for regional operations.

Potential challenges

Despite all these positive developments, experts also outlined some of the challenges Saudi Arabia could face in achieving its FDI targets within the stipulated timeline.

“The fundamentals are strong, but challenges remain — global volatility, talent gaps, and the need for ongoing regulatory clarity. But the Kingdom is addressing these head-on through reforms, infrastructure investment, and strategic partnerships that reduce risk and increase investor confidence,” said Alnesayan.

El-Asmar said that foreign investors need predictability, and to address this, Saudi Arabia has launched the Investor Confidence Protection Mechanism and Investor Council, alongside legal reforms including English-language documentation and digital licensing portals.

“High operational costs and complex procedures persist in some sectors. Special Economic Zones, tax incentives, and digital services are helping to reduce these barriers and simplify market entry,” said El-Asmar.

He concluded: “While these challenges are real, Saudi Arabia’s strategic reforms, long-term vision, and favorable location continue to make it one of the world’s most promising emerging FDI destinations.”


MENA startups accelerate with strategic deals

Updated 15 min 56 sec ago
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MENA startups accelerate with strategic deals

  • Investors position for scale amid a rapidly evolving market landscape

RIYADH: Startups across the Middle East and North Africa continued to attract capital, pursue strategic acquisitions, and expand regional footprints this week, underscoring the growing momentum in the region’s innovation ecosystem. 

From early-stage funding rounds to regulatory milestones, founders and investors are positioning for scale amid a competitive and rapidly evolving market landscape. 

On the acquisition front, UAE-based Tech Universal Ventures has taken over the majority share of FixSquad, an Emirati mobile and electronics servicing brand, and ELVA11, a Swedish AI and software consultancy, as part of its strategy to build a global network of digital infrastructure companies. 

FixSquad operates across the Gulf Cooperation Council region with a hybrid consumer-enterprise model and is introducing a regional franchise framework, while ELVA11 offers software development, AI consulting, and digital education services from its offices in Malmo and Stockholm. 

“These acquisitions reflect our strategy to build and back companies delivering core infrastructure for digital growth,” said Darko Atijas, chief operating officer at TUV.

Fintech startup Stitch raises $10m seed round 

Riyadh-based Stitch has secured $10 million in a seed round led by Arbor Ventures, COTU Ventures, Raed Ventures, and Saudi Venture Capital, with additional support from family offices and angel investors. 

Founded in 2022, the company offers an API-driven platform that allows financial institutions to build and deploy digital solutions more efficiently than legacy infrastructure. 

“At Stitch, our vision is to reinvent how financial and non-financial institutions bring banking and payment products to market,” said Mohamed Oueida, founder and CEO of Stitch.  

Qashio secures $19.8m to expand into KSA 

UAE-based spend management platform Qashio has raised $19.8 million in equity and non-equity funding. 

The round was led by Rocketship VC, with participation from MoreThan Capital, regional banks, and family offices. 

Founded in 2021, Qashio plans to enter the Saudi  market and enhance its B2B loyalty program across MENA. 

Qashio previously raised $10 million in a seed round in 2022.

BirdEye raises $586k pre-seed 

Saudi startup BirdEye has closed a $586,000 pre-seed funding round led by a private tech-focused fund. 

Founded in November by Abdullah bin Omairah and Abdulrahman Al-Hassan, BirdEye offers an operations management platform tailored for small and medium-sized retailers undergoing digital transformation. 

The investment will support the company’s national expansion and team growth. 

Gainz closes 7-figure pre-seed round 

UAE-based Gainz has raised a 7-figure US dollar pre-seed round in a mix of equity and debt led by Antler MENAP, Lithium Holdings, and Eleventh Invest Inc. 

Founded in December, Gainz offers a Shariah-compliant crowdfunding platform that allows individuals to invest in vetted SMEs. 

The platform leverages AI to democratize access to working capital for businesses across the region. 

The new funding will go toward scaling operations and product innovation. 

COREangels MEA launches $10m fund 

COREangels MEA, in partnership with PTS Holdings and the Arab Academy, has launched a $10 million investment fund focused on early-stage fintech startups aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. 

During its 5th Investment Committee in Cairo, five startups — eMaisha Pay, RentBeta, Aqua Offers, Monak, and Reeple — were selected to receive up to $150,000 each. 

The fund employs a hybrid model combining global angel networks with local innovation expertise.

Toolmart raises seed funding 

Iraq-based B2B e-commerce startup Toolmart has secured seed funding from Plus VC, Oasis500, and other angel investors. 

Founded in 2022, Toolmart provides a digital procurement platform that helps enterprises reduce costs and streamline sourcing. 

The new capital will be used to expand its team and operations across the region. 

Founded by Abdullah bin Omairah and Abdulrahman Al-Hassan, BirdEye offers a management platform for retailers. (Supplied)

Valu to begin trading on EGX in June 

Egypt’s leading buy now, pay later platform Valu is set to begin trading on the Egyptian Exchange during the week of June 22, following an in-kind share distribution by parent company EFG Holding. 

Official listing occurred on May 21, 2025. 

Founded in 2017, Valu operates in Egypt and Saudi Arabia and reported 3.1 billion Egyptian pounds in gross revenue and 423 million Egyptian pounds in net profit for 2024. 

Bloomspoon gets $218k on Shark Tank Dubai 

UAE-based greentech startup Bloomspoon raised $218,000 for 49 percent equity on Shark Tank Dubai. 

Founded in 2023 by Mostafa Khattab, Bloomspoon makes reusable cutlery from wheat straw embedded with seeds that can be planted after use. 

The funding will help expand product lines, boost retail distribution, and work toward B Corp. certification. 

Google launches second ‘AI First’ accelerator 

Google has launched the second edition of its “Google for Startups Accelerator: AI First” program for the MENA and Turkiye region. 

The 12-week program is aimed at Seed to series A startups using AI to develop scalable solutions. 

It offers technical resources including cloud credits and mentorship. 

MENA sees 31 percent increase in M&A deals in Q1, led by UAE and tech sector 

According to EY’s MENA M&A Insights report, the region recorded 225 deals worth $46 billion in the first quarter of the year, a 31 percent year-on-year increase in volume and 66 percent rise in value. 

Cross-border activity accounted for over half of all agreements and 81 percent of total value. 

The UAE led with 63 deals totaling $20.3 billion. The technology sector dominated domestic M&A, accounting for 37 percent of deal value. 

The largest domestic transaction was Group 42’s $2.2 billion acquisition of a 40 percent stake in Khazna Data Centers.


Saudi Aramco could tap debt markets again after $5bn bond sale

Updated 30 May 2025
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Saudi Aramco could tap debt markets again after $5bn bond sale

DUBAI: Saudi Aramco has published a new prospectus for its issuance program of Islamic bonds or sukuk, signalling the state oil major may soon tap the debt markets again after it raised $5 billion from a three-part bond sale this week.

The prospectus, submitted to the London Stock Exchange where the sukuk would be listed, is dated May 30. Aramco has a year to issue sukuk under its terms.

Aramco earlier this week raised $5 billion from a sale of conventional bonds. The borrowing comes after economic uncertainty and rising supply hit crude markets, denting the top oil exporter’s profits.

“Aramco is likely looking to take advantage of a window of relative market calm to issue debt again,” said Zeina Rizk, co-head of fixed income at Amwal Capital Partners.

Aramco in March said it expected to slash its dividend this year by nearly a third as profits and free cash flow decline.

Reuters reported last week that Aramco is exploring potential asset sales to free up funds as it pursues international expansion and weathers lower crude prices.

Citi, HSBC and JPMorgan are the arrangers of the sukuk program and are joined as dealers by First Abu Dhabi Bank, Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, SNB Capital and Standard Chartered. 


​​Digital shift keeps Saudi credit card borrowing above $8bn and just 2% below record level

Updated 30 May 2025
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​​Digital shift keeps Saudi credit card borrowing above $8bn and just 2% below record level

RIYADH: Credit card loans from Saudi banks posted their second-highest figure on record in the first quarter of 2025, after an annual rise of 12.53 percent.

According to the Saudi Central Bank, also known as SAMA, this borrowing of SR30.66 billion ($8.18 billion) is just 2 percent below the all-time peak recorded at the end of 2024.

SAMA figures also revealed that consumer loans reached SR479.78 billion in what was a 6.41 percent rise during the same period. 

The vast majority – over 90 percent – of consumer lending falls into a broad “other” category, which includes debt consolidation, personal family expenses, or any borrowing not classified under the specific purposes.

This indicates that many Saudis take personal loans for a range of needs, from home renovations to weddings, but each of those specific uses is a relatively small slice of the overall figures.

Multiple factors are supporting the rapid growth of the credit card segment. A central driver is the national push toward a cashless society under Vision 2030, which has seen SAMA implementing policies to promote electronic payments and reduce dependence on cash.

This includes expanding point-of-sale infrastructure, mandating that businesses accept electronic payments, and fostering fintech innovation. As a result, 79 percent of all retail transactions in 2024 were electronic, card or digital payments, up from 70 percent the year before, according to an April release by SAMA.

In parallel, banking penetration has expanded, with nearly all bank cards in the Kingdom now enabled for contactless payments. By 2023, 98 percent of in-person card transactions were contactless — up from just 4 percent in 2017— according to Visa executive Andrew Torre, speaking to Arab News in October.

There is a push toward a cashless society under Vision 2030. Shutterstock

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated this shift to tapping cards and phones, ingraining cashless habits. With nearly 50 million payment cards in circulation and a decline in ATM usage, the ecosystem is primed for card spending over cash.

Another factor is consumer behavior and economic policy. Strong consumer spending in Saudi Arabia — supported by economic growth and initiatives to boost household income — has encouraged more use of credit for purchases.

Rather than delaying purchases, many consumers are comfortable using credit cards to buy now and pay later, especially with the availability of installment plans.

Additionally, banks and payment networks are actively marketing credit cards with attractive promotions. Cashback deals, reward points, airline miles, and no-fee installment offers are abundant, which incentivizes consumers to use credit cards for both large and small purchases.

The entry of Shariah-compliant credit cards has also played a role. By addressing religious sensitivities, Islamic banks have made credit cards acceptable to a wider customer base that previously avoided interest-based products.

Furthermore, the growth of e-commerce and digital services in Saudi Arabia has naturally increased credit card adoption. Online retailers, food delivery apps, ride-hailing, and travel platforms often work best with card payments, so as these services proliferate, so does card usage.

Consumer loan usage and slower growth trends

Credit cards and personal consumer loans differ fundamentally in structure, usage, and cost. Consumer loans in Saudi Arabia are typically taken as a fixed amount to be repaid in installments over a set term, usually at relatively lower interest or profit rates.

They are often used for significant expenses like buying a car, financing education, or other big-ticket needs, and come with a structured repayment plan that helps borrowers budget effectively.

By contrast, a credit card provides a revolving credit line up to a predefined limit, with no fixed repayment period as long as the borrower makes minimum payments.

Traditional consumer loans, which are often called personal loans, remain much larger in absolute terms than credit card debt in Saudi Arabia, but their growth has been relatively sluggish in recent quarters.

These loans — which exclude mortgages — totaled SR471 billion by the end of 2024, and saw annual growth in the mid-single digits compared to double-digit growth for credit cards.

In early 2024, growth was even slower. In the first quarter, consumer lending was up less than 1 percent year-on-year, and in the second quarter around 2 percent, before accelerating later in the year according to SAMA data.

Saudi Central Bank. File

The uses of consumer loans are generally for big one-time expenditures or needs. The largest defined sub-category is financing for vehicles, which accounted for roughly 2.5 percent to 3 percent of total consumer loans in 2024. Other specific purposes include education loans and loans for furniture and durable goods, and vehicle and private transport means.

The recent slower growth of consumer loans compared to credit cards can be attributed to a number of factors.

High interest rates over 2022 to 2023, as global rates climbed, made borrowing via fixed loans less attractive, potentially dampening demand. By contrast, credit card lines were often already in place and could be tapped without a new loan application.

Another factor is the growing availability of credit card installment plans and Buy Now, Pay Later services, which are increasingly used to cover expenses that previously required personal loans. 

With zero-interest installment offers and flexible repayment options — particularly appealing to younger consumers — many now prefer to finance mid-sized purchases through these tools rather than committing to long-term bank loans.

All of this has led to personal loan growth being moderate. Nonetheless, consumer loans did rise in absolute terms, primarily driven by continued needs for cars, education, and other big expenses. 

The credit card segment’s growth outpaced consumer loans by a wide margin, highlighting a shift in how Saudis finance their spending toward more flexible, short-term credit and digital payment tools, and slightly away from traditional fixed personal borrowing.


UAE, China, India among top destinations for Saudi Arabia’s non-oil goods: GASTAT

Updated 30 May 2025
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UAE, China, India among top destinations for Saudi Arabia’s non-oil goods: GASTAT

RIYADH: The UAE emerged as the leading destination for Saudi Arabia’s non-oil exports during the first quarter of 2025, with shipments valued at SR21.32 billion ($5.68 billion), marking a 33.91 percent increase compared to the same period last year, according to the latest data from the General Authority for Statistics.

Machinery and mechanical appliances were the most exported items to the UAE, amounting to SR10.19 billion. This was followed by transport equipment worth SR5.16 billion and chemical products totaling SR1.11 billion.

Plastic goods were also significant, with exports to the UAE reaching SR942 million, while precious stones and base metals recorded SR860.8 million and SR848.4 million, respectively.

The increase in non-oil exports aligns with the objectives of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030, which seeks to diversify the economy and reduce dependency on oil revenues. Saudi Minister of Economy and Planning Faisal Alibrahim recently noted that non-oil activities now contribute 53.2 percent to the Kingdom’s gross domestic product.

GASTAT also reported a 9.27 percent rise in Saudi Arabia’s non-oil exports to the UAE compared to the previous quarter, further emphasizing the Kingdom’s economic diversification momentum.

China ranked second among Saudi Arabia’s non-oil export destinations in the first quarter, receiving goods valued at SR6.51 billion — an annual increase of 17.93 percent. Major exports to the Asian country included plastic products worth SR2.58 billion, chemical products totaling SR2.32 billion, and minerals valued at SR533.4 million.

India was another prominent trade partner, with non-oil exports reaching SR5.75 billion in the first quarter, up 14.08 percent from the same period in 2024.

Other key export destinations included Turkiye, which received goods worth SR2.96 billion; Egypt at SR2.56 billion; and the US at SR2.48 billion.

Singapore imported SR2.28 billion worth of goods from Saudi Arabia, while Bahrain received SR2.21 billion, Belgium SR2.11 billion, and Kuwait SR1.97 billion.

Overall, Saudi Arabia’s non-oil exports rose by 13.4 percent year on year in the first quarter, totaling SR80.72 billion.

Key ports played a vital role in this trade activity. King Fahad Industrial Sea Port in Jubail handled the highest volume of outbound non-oil goods, valued at SR9.93 billion. Jeddah Islamic Sea Port followed closely with SR9.76 billion, while Jubail Sea Port and King Abdulaziz Sea Port in Dammam facilitated exports worth SR7.17 billion and SR6.69 billion, respectively.

On land, Al-Batha Port processed SR5.53 billion in exports. Al-Hadithah and Al-Wadiah ports recorded export values of SR2.10 billion and SR1.43 billion, respectively.

Among airports, King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh led with SR8.52 billion worth of non-oil goods exported in the first quarter, an increase of 12.84 percent compared to the previous year.

King Abdulaziz International Airport followed with SR6.16 billion, while King Fahad International Airport in Dammam and Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz International Airport in Madinah recorded SR741.8 million and SR4.2 million, respectively.

King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh. Shutterstock

Merchandise exports 

Despite growth in the non-oil sector, overall merchandise exports declined by 3.2 percent year on year in the first quarter, falling to SR285.78 billion. GASTAT attributed this drop to an 8.4 percent decline in oil exports, which caused the share of oil in total exports to decrease from 75.9 percent in the first quarter of 2024 to 71.8 percent in the same period this year.

Asia remained the largest market for Saudi exports, accounting for SR213.14 billion. Europe followed at SR34.51 billion, with Africa and the Americas receiving SR23.19 billion and SR13.80 billion, respectively.

China was the top destination for overall merchandise exports, receiving SR44.91 billion worth of goods — an increase of 3.26 percent compared to the first quarter of 2024. India received SR28.04 billion in goods, followed by Japan with SR26.48 billion, South Korea at SR25.03 billion, and the UAE at SR24.85 billion.

Imports in Q1

Saudi Arabia’s imports also grew during the first quarter, rising by 7.3 percent year on year to SR222.73 billion.

Machinery, mechanical and electrical equipment led imports, totaling SR57.40 billion, followed by transport parts at SR32.56 billion and base metals at SR21.30 billion. Chemical imports stood at SR19.60 billion, while minerals accounted for SR12.12 billion.

Goods imported from Asia were valued at SR128.50 billion, while imports from Europe and the Americas reached SR52.94 billion and SR27.01 billion, respectively. African nations contributed SR12.53 billion in imports, and goods from Oceania were valued at SR1.73 billion.

China remained Saudi Arabia’s largest source of imports, sending goods worth SR59.33 billion.

These included mechanical appliances and electrical equipment valued at SR23.93 billion, transport parts worth SR9.50 billion, base metals at SR6.43 billion, and even works of art and antiques amounting to SR3.19 billion. The US followed with SR17.58 billion in exports to the Kingdom, while India’s exports totaled SR12.27 billion.

Sea routes were the dominant entry channels for imports, accounting for SR113.11 billion. Air and land ports handled SR61.63 billion and SR25.99 billion, respectively. King Abdulaziz Sea Port in Dammam was the leading sea entry point with SR59.97 billion in imports. Jeddah Islamic Sea Port and Ras Tanura port followed with SR47.78 billion and SR8.73 billion.

Over land, Al-Batha Port and Riyadh Dry Port managed goods worth SR10.78 billion and SR8.29 billion, respectively. By air, King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh received imports valued at SR29.96 billion in the first quarter. King Abdulaziz International Airport and King Fahad International Airport handled SR18.60 billion and SR12.39 billion, respectively.

Reflecting continued expansion of the non-oil economy, Saudi Arabia recorded a Purchasing Managers’ Index of 55.6 in April, according to S&P Global and Riyad Bank. This score surpassed those of the UAE at 54 and Kuwait at 54.2, indicating robust growth in non-oil business activity. A PMI reading above 50 signals economic expansion, while a figure below 50 suggests contraction.