A secret Pakistani ingredient makes all the difference in Indian food

This undated photo shows a traditional Indian thaali (platter) with an assortment of dishes. Many Indians use Shan Foods spice mixes without knowing the Pakistani origin of the brand. Shan Foods is sold in 65 different countries across the world, including neighboring India. (Photo courtesy: indian-by-nature.com)
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Updated 22 August 2020
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A secret Pakistani ingredient makes all the difference in Indian food

  • Pakistani company Shan Foods sells spice mixes in 65 countries, including India
  • It brings authentic taste in the food, Indian cooks say, as they encourage culinary exchanges with Pakistan

NEW DELHI: Ranjana Kumar’s mutton and chicken korma curries are the talk of the town in the Indian capital of New Delhi. But even she did not know that a secret ingredient she has been using for over a decade — Shan Foods spice mixes — comes from Pakistan.
The Shan Foods company sells spice mixes in 65 countries, including India, a nation with whom Pakistan shares decades of enmity, dominated by their territorial dispute over Kashmir. They have fought three wars since their independence from Britain in 1947.




An Indian woman arranges a display of seeds and spices on a bullock cart at an exhibition fair in Hyderabad, India on May 22, 2011.( AFP/File photo)

“I wasn’t aware it’s a Pakistani brand,” Kumar told Arab News, saying her family loved dishes cooked in Shan spices and she always kept extra stock of the mixes at home. “How does it matter whether it is Pakistani or Indian? The taste is good.”
“Both the neighbors share the same taste and culture and I feel both countries should have access to their products,” the mother of two added.
Kumar’s family is a supporter of India’s nationalist Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) under whose rule already brittle ties with Pakistan have deteriorated further in recent years.
Even so, Kumar said, there was no harm in using Pakistani products.
“Both India and Pakistan share the same history, same past, and the same taste, What’s wrong if we get Pakistani products in our kitchen or house?” she said. “This should be promoted so that both countries could understand each other better.”




A screengrab from Shan Foods' commercial shows the company's Bombay Biryani spice mix. (Photo courtesy of Shan Foods via AN)

One Delhi shop owner said he didn’t like selling Pakistani brands but customers came asking for Shan spices.
“I don’t like to keep the brand, but customers demand it. That’s why I keep it,” Naresh Sankhla said at his grocery store. “I reluctantly sell this brand from the enemy country, but there is demand for it. I must be selling around 150 packets of Shan (spices) every month.”
Others say despite the brand’s popularity, they put India first.
“I have stopped distributing the Shan brand last year, after Pakistan’s involvement in the Pulwama tragedy,” Delhi-based distributor Gaurav Gupta told Arab News, referring to last year’s attack in a town in the Indian part of Kashmir in which 50 Indian paramilitary soldiers were killed. New Delhi has blamed Pakistan-based groups for the assault. The Pakistan government denies any official complicity.




A man is choosing a Shan masala mix at a grocery store in this screengrab from a Shan Foods commercial. (Photo courtesy of Shan Foods via AN)

Despite his official words, however, quick market research shows that Gupta’s company remains one of the main sellers of Shan’s products.
Rafat Shahab who runs a catering company, lamented this attitude, saying culinary exchanges needed to be encouraged despite political differences.
“I used the Shan brand a lot whenever I got orders for parties or special occasions. It brings authentic taste in the food,” she said, “It’s unfortunate that we don’t have that kind of relationship with Pakistan. Politics should not come in the way of people’s contacts and culinary exchanges.”


Comfort or isolation: Pakistanis weigh pros and cons of ChatGPT as confidant

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Comfort or isolation: Pakistanis weigh pros and cons of ChatGPT as confidant

  • Psychologists say ChatGPT is increasingly a substitute for real conversations, deepening emotional dependence and eroding relationships
  • By mid-2025, Pakistan ranked among top 20 countries for ChatGPT traffic, with thousands using it daily to vent feelings, manage anxiety

LAHORE: When Mehak Rashid looks back on a restless, emotionally fragile phase of her life earlier this year, an unlikely confidant comes to mind. 

“When nobody else was listening to you and everybody else thought you were crazy, ChatGPT was there,” Rashid, a metallurgy and materials engineer from Lahore, told Arab News.

“I just wanted to be heard… It will not give you a judgment and that’s so beautiful.”

Rashid began using the chatbot after noticing her children experimenting with it for schoolwork. Now, she often turns to it for “answers” and “different perspectives.”

“It helps me in every way,” she said.

Mehak Rashid, an engineer, is using mobile in Lahore, Pakistan, on May 26, 2025. (AN photo)

Since its launch in November 2022, ChatGPT has attracted hundreds of millions of users and, by mid-2025, logged nearly 800 million weekly active users. Many in Pakistan, among the top 20 countries for ChatGPT traffic, use it daily for emotional support, venting feelings, or late-night reassurance when friends aren’t available. 

Globally, an estimated 40 percent of ChatGPT conversations relate to mental well-being, and a Sentio University survey found nearly half of users with ongoing mental health issues rely on it for support: 73 percent for anxiety, 63 percent for advice, and 60 percent for help with depression.

While this instant comfort helps some cope, psychologists warn that heavy reliance on AI can weaken real human connections and deepen social isolation in a country already short on mental health resources.

A March 2025 study by OpenAI and MIT found frequent users reported increased dependence and loneliness, suggesting that AI companionship can erode human bonds and intensify feelings of isolation rather than resolve them.

For Lahore-based designer Khizer Iftikhar, ChatGPT began as a professional aid but gradually crept into his personal life and started affecting his relationships, especially with his wife. 

“I have a very avoidant attachment style,” he said. “Instead of confronting someone, I can just talk about the good part with people and let the chatbots handle the negative part.”

Iftikhar described ChatGPT as “a multiple personality tool” that lacked the balance of real human interaction.

Many experts say using AI models can weaken bonds overtime, reduce empathy, and make people more emotionally self-contained, preferring the predictable reassurance of a machine over the give-and-take of genuine human connection.

“With humans, relationships are about give and take. With chatbots, it’s not like that,” Iftikhar said.

Despite once trying therapy, he now uses ChatGPT to process emotions and trusts people only for practical advice.

“I would trust a chatbot more when it comes to the feelings part,” Iftikhar said. “But when it comes to the work part, I will trust humans more.”

In Islamabad, 26-year-old Tehreem Ahmed initially used ChatGPT for office transcriptions and calorie tracking but it eventually became an emotional lifeline.

One night, overwhelmed by troubling news and unable to reach friends, she turned to the chatbot.

“It was around 3am and none of my friends were awake,” she said. “So, I went on ChatGPT and I typed in all that I got.”

Tehreem Ahmed is seen using ChatGPT at a cafe in Islamabad, Pakistan, on May 16, 2025. (AN photo)

The chatbot encouraged her to pause and reflect before reacting.

“I feel like it responded well because I gave it a smarter prompt… Had I just said, ‘Hey, this has happened. What should I do?’ I guess it would have just given me all the options… I could have self-sabotaged.”

While Ahmed doesn’t fully trust the bot, she said she preferred it to people who might dismiss her feelings.

“If I know my friend is not going to validate me, I’d rather go to the bot first.”

“DETERIORATING HUMAN CONNECTIONS”

For one anonymous Lahore-based tech professional, ChatGPT quickly shifted from a practical helper to an emotional crutch during a difficult relationship and the ongoing war in Gaza.

She first used it in late 2023 to navigate a job change, edit CVs, and prepare for assessments. But emotional upheaval deepened her reliance on the bot.

“That [romantic] relationship didn’t progress,” she said. “And the platform helped me a lot emotionally in navigating it.”

Her sessions became so layered and spiritual that some ended in “prostration from spiritual overwhelm.”

Still, she was careful not to project too much onto the tool: 

“It’s a mirror of my flawed self… I try not to let the tool simply reflect my ego.”

Psychologists caution that without the challenges and messiness of real interactions, people using chatbots may lose vital social skills and drift further into isolation.

Mahnoor Khan, who runs MSK Clinics in Islamabad, agreed, saying the search for emotional safety in AI was becoming increasingly common as people feared judgment from others.

“Over a period of time, human connections have deteriorated,” the psychologist said. “When people share something vulnerable with a friend, they often feel judged or lectured.”

Clinical psychologist Mahnoor Khan, who runs MSK Clinics in Islamabad, is talking to one of her clients in Islamabad, Pakistan, on May 26, 2025. (AN photo)

To avoid that, many turn to chatbots. But Khan warned that AI’s constant affirmation could have unintended consequences.

“It will tell you what you want to listen to… If you’re happy, it’s your companion; if you’re sad, it instantly talks to you. The downside is that you are getting away from socialization.”

The trend is especially troubling in a country where mental health care remains deeply under-resourced: Pakistan has fewer than 500 psychiatrists for a population of over 240 million, according to WHO estimates.

No wonder then that even people with clinical mental health issues were turning to AI.

Khan recalled the case of a young woman who used ChatGPT so often that it replaced nearly all her social interaction.

“She had a lot of suicidal ideations,” Khan said. “She kept feeding ChatGPT: ‘I feel very depressed today… you tell me what I should do?’ ChatGPT kept telling her to avoid friends like that.”

Eventually, she cut everyone off.

One day, she asked the chatbot what would happen if she overdosed on phenyl.

“ChatGPT said, ‘There are no consequences. In case you overdose yourself, you might get paralyzed,’” Khan recalled.

The girl only read the first half and attempted suicide.

She survived.


Pakistani pioneer launches first Islamic blockchain to tap real-world asset boom

Updated 26 min 53 sec ago
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Pakistani pioneer launches first Islamic blockchain to tap real-world asset boom

  • ZIGChain is built as base-level blockchain that lets developers create apps to trade and manage assets like property, commodities
  • Putting RWAs on blockchains, known as tokenization, has become one of the fastest-growing areas in crypto and traditional finance

KARACHI: Pakistan’s pioneering blockchain entrepreneur, Abdul Rafay Gadit, has launched what his team says is the world’s first Shariah-compliant Layer 1 blockchain, aiming to capitalize on a record surge in tokenized real-world assets (RWAs) and meet rising demand for Islamic-compliant digital finance tools.

ZIGChain, which launched its mainnet beta on Tuesday, is built as a base-level blockchain called a “Layer 1” that lets developers create apps to trade and manage real-world assets like property, commodities or traditional securities on a blockchain.

Putting RWAs on blockchains, known as tokenization, has become one of the fastest-growing areas in crypto and traditional finance. The market is estimated to have surged 260 percent to $50 billion this year as more institutions use blockchain to make trading these assets easier and more transparent. Analysts say the trend reflects how financial institutions are moving real-world assets onto blockchains to improve liquidity and transparency.

ZIGChain says it stands out as the first chain purpose-built to meet Islamic finance principles, a set of rules that, among other things, prohibit interest (riba) and excessive uncertainty (gharar), by offering native compliance tools and audit mechanisms for developers and institutions.

“Accessing reliable and transparent investment infrastructure has historically been difficult, not just for retail users, but even for experienced managers,” Gadit, ZIGChain’s co-founder, said in a statement marking the mainnet beta launch.

“With ZIGChain, we’re taking a meaningful step toward changing that by focusing deeply on real-world assets as the foundation for long-term, scalable wealth generation.”

The launch comes at a pivotal moment for Pakistan’s crypto industry. Islamabad in March set up an official Crypto Council to regulate the sector for the first time and named Binance co-founder Changpeng Zhao (CZ) as its strategic adviser. Pakistan is estimated to have around 40 million crypto users.

Unlike general-purpose blockchains, ZIGChain inherits a ready base of more than 600,000 users and 150 professional fund managers through its link to Zignaly, a licensed social investing platform. This solves what experts often call the “cold-start problem” for new chains that struggle to attract developers and liquidity in early stages.

ZIGChain’s ecosystem includes Zamanat, described by its backers as the world’s first Shariah-compliant RWA platform, as well as a $100 million fund supported by DWF Labs and other partners to spur development.

The project launches with native applications already lined up, including an AI-powered decentralized exchange, a staking service, a lending protocol accepting RWAs as collateral, and a Shariah-compliant DeFi aggregator.

“This mainnet beta launch represents a shift from vision to foundation,” said Bart Bordallo, co-founder and CEO of ZIGChain. “We’ve built a high-performance, interoperable architecture that can handle the complex requirements of DeFi, RWA tokenization, and automated investment protocols at scale.”

By positioning itself at the intersection of real-world assets, Islamic finance and blockchain technology, ZIGChain aims to serve the massive $4 trillion global Islamic finance market, where a young, digitally savvy Muslim demographic is driving demand for new products.

With its launch now underway, ZIGChain will gradually roll out key features like its validator network, token bridges and staking tools, which its founders say will keep the system stable and compliant as more users join.


Ten highest winning run-chases in Test history

Updated 33 min 25 sec ago
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Ten highest winning run-chases in Test history

  • England’s 371-run chase at Headingley joins elite list of historic Test wins
  • Record fourth-innings pursuits span from Bradman’s brilliance to debutant heroics

LEEDS, United Kingdom: England completed the tenth highest fourth-innings run chase in Test history with a pursuit of 371 that sealed a five-wicket over India at Headingley on Tuesday.
Below AFP Sport looks at the largest targets chased down in 148 years of Test cricket:

After both teams made 240 in their first innings, Australia made 417 in their second innings and would have expected an attack featuring fast bowlers Glenn McGrath, Jason Gillespie and Brett Lee to finish the job. But hundreds from Ramnaresh Sarwan and Shivnarine Chanderpaul changed the game before an unbroken partnership of 46 between Omari Banks and Vasbert Drakes sealed a three-wicket win.

Australia appeared to have put the game beyond South Africa’s reach but Proteas captain Graeme Smith’s hundred and a century from AB de Villiers helped guide the visitors to a dominant six-wicket success.

Still one of the most famous Tests of them all, England captain Norman Yardley did not declare his side’s second innings until the fifth morning. But Australia still scored 400 runs in under a day’s play, with opener Arthur Morris making 182 and Don Bradman, widely regarded as cricket’s greatest batsman, an unbeaten 173 that sealed a seven-wicket triumph.

Alvin Kallicharran’s hundred built an imposing West Indian lead, but centuries from Sunil Gavaskar and Gundappa Viswanath took India to an eventual total of 406-4. The match proved a turning point as his spinners’ failure persuaded West Indies captain Clive Lloyd to break with convention by building an attack around four fast bowlers — a policy that helped his side dominate Test cricket for the next 15 years.

West Indies batsman Kyle Mayers enjoyed an astounding start to his Test career with an extraordinary 210 not out, putting on 216 with fellow debutant Nkrumah Bonner (86) to see the visitors to a three-wicket win.

Asela Gunaratne made a match-winning 80 not out, putting on 121 with Niroshan Dickwella (80) in the home team’s total of 391-6.

Two hundreds from Andrew Strauss put England on top, but Virender Sehwag made a quickfire 83 before batting great Sachin Tendulkar (103 not out) and Yuvraj Singh (85 not out) took India to a four-wicket win.

Joe Root and Jonny Bairstow hit hundreds as England romped home by seven wickets in a series finale postponed from 2021 because of coronavirus concerns within the India camp.

Pakistan were in dire straits at 13-2 early in their chase but hundreds from Shan Masood and Younis Khan turned the tide before Misbah-ul-Haq’s match-winning 59 saw them to 382-3.

India made 471 after being sent in to bat by England captain Ben Stokes but the hosts were only six runs adrift on first innings. England then dismissed India for 364 and opener Ben Duckett’s superb 149 the cornerstone of a chase completed by Root and Jamie Smith. This was only the third Test with more than 350 runs in all four innings, after Ashes clashes at Adelaide in 1921 and Headingley in 1948.


Barrick, Komatsu sign $440 million equipment deal for Pakistan’s Reko Diq copper-gold mine

Updated 42 min 25 sec ago
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Barrick, Komatsu sign $440 million equipment deal for Pakistan’s Reko Diq copper-gold mine

  • Japanese firm to set up local mining company for long-term technical support at site
  • Deal includes ultra-class haul trucks, excavators and loaders built in US and Europe

ISLAMABAD: Barrick Gold Corporation and Japan’s Komatsu have finalized a $440 million agreement to supply mining equipment to Pakistan’s Reko Diq copper-gold project, with Komatsu also announcing plans to establish a local subsidiary to support operations, the company said on Wednesday.

Reko Diq is one of the world’s largest undeveloped copper and gold deposits, located in Pakistan’s mineral-rich Balochistan province near the volatile border with Iran and Afghanistan. The site is expected to play a key role in boosting Pakistan’s exports, attracting foreign investment, and supporting the country’s long-term energy and industrial needs through its vast copper reserves, which are critical for the global energy transition.

Reko Diq is jointly owned by Barrick (50 percent), Pakistan’s federal government (25 percent), and the Balochistan provincial government (25 percent). Construction is scheduled to begin in 2025, with first production targeted for 2028.

“The Reko Diq project represents a long-term investment in our future and that of mining in Pakistan, and our partnership with Komatsu is an important part of that vision,” Mark Bristow, President and CEO of Barrick, was quoted as saying in the Komatsu statement. 

“Komatsu equipment has proven its performance and reliability at our operations worldwide.”

Komatsu said the five-year deal marked its first major equipment placement in Pakistan and a deepening partnership with Barrick.

To support the deployment, Komatsu will establish Komatsu Pakistan Mining (SMC-Private) Limited, a dedicated entity for technical services and equipment support at Reko Diq. The firm also plans additional investment in its regional headquarters in Dubai to manage an expanded footprint in the region.

The deal includes the delivery of ultra-class mining equipment manufactured in the United States and Europe, including Komatsu 980E-5 haul trucks from Illinois, P&H electric rope shovels from Wisconsin, PC7000-11 excavators from Germany, and WE2350-2 electric wheel loaders from Texas.

“The scale and complexity of this project demands proven, high-performance equipment,” said Peter Salditt, President of Komatsu’s Mining Business Division.

“We are confident our ultra-class haul trucks, electric rope shovels, and other mining machines will meet the challenge.”

Komatsu said the partnership builds on previous equipment deployments at Barrick’s Lumwana mine in Zambia and its Nevada Gold Mines joint venture in the United States. The two companies signed a global framework agreement in October 2023 to strengthen cooperation across multiple sites.


Pakistani deputy PM discusses new investments in energy, infrastructure with Abu Dhabi Fund chief

Updated 25 June 2025
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Pakistani deputy PM discusses new investments in energy, infrastructure with Abu Dhabi Fund chief

  • Dar presents Al Suwaidi with Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam, one of Pakistan’s highest civil awards
  • UAE is Pakistan’s third largest trading partner after China and US, key source of remittances

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar met Director General of the Abu Dhabi Fund for Development (ADFD) Mohammed Saif Al-Suwaidi on Tuesday to discuss boosting development cooperation and new investments in energy and infrastructure, state-run Radio Pakistan reported.

The UAE is Pakistan’s third largest trading partner after China and the United States. More than 1.5 million Pakistanis live and work in the UAE, sending back billions of dollars in remittances annually. Bilateral trade between the two nations reached approximately $10.9 billion in fiscal year 2023–24, including $2.08 billion in exports and $6.33 billion in imports, according to Pakistani figures.

“They discussed enhancing development cooperation, expanding ADFD’s support for key infrastructure and energy projects in Pakistan, and exploring new avenues for sustainable investment,” Radio Pakistan said in a statement after Dar’s meeting with Al-Suwaidi. 

According to the report, both sides reaffirmed their commitment to “deepening economic ties and promoting shared growth and prosperity.”

Dar also presented Al Suwaidi with the Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam, one of Pakistan’s highest civil awards, on behalf of President Asif Ali Zardari, in recognition of his “exceptional contributions to the promotion of Pakistan-UAE cooperation,” the broadcaster said.

The ADFD has funded major development projects in Pakistan for decades, including roads, airports and energy infrastructure to support economic growth.

Last year, the UAE said it had committed $10 billion to invest in promising economic sectors in Pakistan.

Islamabad has been pushing for foreign investment in a bid to shore up its $350 billion economy, which has struggled with high inflation and low growth as it navigates tough reforms mandated by the International Monetary Fund.